JRA-55 based surface dataset for driving ocean–sea-ice models (JRA55-do)

Tsujino, Hiroyuki; Urakawa, L. Shogo; Nakano, Hideyuki; Small, R. Justin; Kim, Who M.; Yeager, Stephen; Danabasoglu, Gökhan; Suzuki, Tatsuo; Bamber, Jonathan; Bentsen, Mats; Böning, Claus W.; Bozec, Alexandra; Chassignet, Eric P.; Curchitser, Enrique N.; Dias, Fabio Boeira; Durack, Paul J.; Griffies, Stephen M.; Harada, Yusuke; Ilıcak, Mehmet; Josey, Simon A.; Kobayashi, Chiaki; Kobayashi, Shinya; Komuro, Yuzo; Large, William G.; Sommer, Julien Le; Marsland, Simon J.; Masina, Simona; Scheinert, Markus; Tomita, Hiroyuki; Valdivieso, Maria; Yamazaki, Dai

doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2018.07.002

Cited by 399 publications

(344 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Realistically simulating the narrow‐banded zonal current system of the tropical Atlantic still proves a challenge to ocean models. A promising approach to improve its representation in OGCMs is to increase the horizontal and temporal resolution of the wind forcing as done in the new JRA55‐do surface data set (Tsujino et al, ). Our results show a relationship between the interannual NEUC and wind stress curl variability in TRATL01 (Figure ), which suggests that the wind forcing plays an important role.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual Variability of the Atlantic North Equatorial Undercurrent and Its Impact on Oxygen

et al. 2019

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The North Equatorial Undercurrent (NEUC) has been suggested to act as an important oxygen supply route toward the oxygen minimum zone in the eastern tropical North Atlantic. Observational estimates of the mean NEUC strength are uncertain due to the presence of elevated mesoscale activities, and models have difficulties in simulating a realistic NEUC. Here we investigate the interannual variability of the NEUC and its impact onto oxygen based on the output of a high‐resolution Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) and contrast the results with an unique data set of 21 ship sections along 23° W and a conceptual model. We find that the interannual variability of the NEUC in the OGCM is related to the Atlantic meridional mode with a stronger and more northward NEUC during negative Atlantic meridional mode phases. Discrepancies between the OGCM and observations suggest a different role of the NEUC in setting the regional oxygen distribution. In the model a stronger NEUC is associated with a weaker oxygen supply toward the east. We attribute this to a too strong recirculation between the NEUC and the northern branch of the South Equatorial Current in the OGCM. Idealized experiments with the conceptual model support the idea that the impact of NEUC variability on oxygen depends on the source water pathway. A strengthening of the NEUC supplied out of the western boundary acts to increase oxygen levels within the NEUC. A strengthening of the recirculations between NEUC and the northern branch of the South Equatorial Current results in a reduction of oxygen levels within the NEUC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual Variability of the Atlantic North Equatorial Undercurrent and Its Impact on Oxygen

et al. 2019

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“…Note that although atmospheric products that incorporate scatterometer winds such as CFSR or JRA55-do (Tsujino et al, 2018) should act in a similar way as QuikSCAT, they do not strongly resemble scatterometer data, for example, at ocean fronts, suggesting that the assimilation does not strongly constrain the near-surface JRA55-do (Abel, 2018). and (Renault, McWilliams, & Masson, 2017) have identified relationships linking the wind and stress response to the oceanic surface currents.…”

Section: Mimicking Scatterometer Windsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recipes for How to Force Oceanic Model Dynamics

Renault

Masson

Arsouze

et al. 2020

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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The current feedback to the atmosphere (CFB) contributes to the oceanic circulation by damping eddies. In an ocean‐atmosphere coupled model, CFB can be correctly accounted for by using the wind relative to the oceanic current. However, its implementation in a forced oceanic model is less straightforward as CFB also enhances the 10‐m wind. Wind products based on observations have seen real currents that will not necessarily correspond to model currents, whereas meteorological reanalyses often neglect surface currents or use surface currents that, again, will differ from the surface currents of the forced oceanic simulation. In this study, we use a set of quasi‐global oceanic simulations, coupled or not with the atmosphere, to (i) quantify the error associated with the different existing strategies of forcing an oceanic model, (ii) test different parameterizations of the CFB, and (iii) propose the best strategy to account for CFB in forced oceanic simulation. We show that scatterometer wind or stress are not suitable to properly represent the CFB in forced oceanic simulation. We furthermore demonstrate that a parameterization of CFB based on a wind‐predicted coupling coefficient between the surface current and the stress allows us to reproduce the main characteristics of a coupled simulation. Such a parameterization can be used with any forcing set, including future coupled reanalyses, assuming that the associated oceanic surface currents are known. A further assessment of the thermal feedback of the surface wind in response to oceanic surface temperature gradients shows a weak forcing effect on oceanic currents.

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“…The model simulation has been started from rest, with climatological temperature and salinity values from EN4 (Good et al, 2013). Atmospheric forcing fields from JRA-55-DO (Tsujino et al, 2018) have been used to complete a 60year model hindcast from 1958 to 2018. This hindcast has already been used to characterize the summer 2017/18 MHW in the Tasman Sea (Salinger et al, 2019).…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meridional Oceanic Heat Transport Influences Marine Heatwaves in the Tasman Sea on Interannual to Decadal Timescales

2019

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Marine heatwaves (MHWs) pose an increasing threat to the ocean's wellbeing as global warming progresses. Forecasting MHWs is challenging due to the various factors that affect their occurrence, including large variability in the atmospheric state. In this study we demonstrate a causal link between ocean heat content and the area and intensity of MHWs in the Tasman Sea on interannual to decadal time scales. Ocean heat content variations are more persistent than 'weather-related' atmospheric drivers (e.g., blocking high pressure systems) for MHWs and thus provide better predictive skill on timescales longer than weeks. Using data from a forced global ocean sea-ice model, we show that ocean heat content fluctuations in the Tasman Sea are predominantly controlled by oceanic meridional heat transport from the subtropics, which in turn is mainly characterized by the interplay of the East Australian Current and the Tasman Front. Variability in these currents is impacted by wind stress curl anomalies north of this region, following Sverdrup's and Godfrey's 'Island Rule' theories. Data from models and observations show that periods with positive upper (2000 m) ocean heat content anomalies or rapid increases in ocean heat content are characterized by more frequent, larger, longer and more intense MHWs on interannual to decadal timescales. Thus, the oceanic heat content in the Tasman Sea acts as a preconditioner and has a prolonged predictive skill compared to the atmospheric state (e.g., surface heat fluxes), making ocean heat content a useful indicator and measure of the likelihood of MHWs.

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JRA-55 based surface dataset for driving ocean–sea-ice models (JRA55-do)

Cited by 399 publications

References 53 publications

Interannual Variability of the Atlantic North Equatorial Undercurrent and Its Impact on Oxygen

Interannual Variability of the Atlantic North Equatorial Undercurrent and Its Impact on Oxygen

Recipes for How to Force Oceanic Model Dynamics

Meridional Oceanic Heat Transport Influences Marine Heatwaves in the Tasman Sea on Interannual to Decadal Timescales

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