Johann Friedrich Meckel d. J. (1781–1833) und die moderne Teratologie

Klunker, Rudyard; Göbbel, Luminita; Musil, A; Tönnies, Holger; Schultka, Rüdiger

doi:10.1016/s0940-9602(02)80093-0

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…This kind of preparation is seen in other specimens that were dissected by JF Meckel the Younger himself. According to our investigations, all specimens with this cruciform incision—Meckel's incision,are most likely from the Meckel era [Klunker et al, 2002; Klunker, 2003]. This fetus does no longer have a label from the Meckel era.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Improvement of bonding strength between biomimetic apatite coating and substrate

Wei

2007

J Biomed Mater Res

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Bone-like apatite coatings were prepared using a biomimetic method in a modified simulated body fluid (m-SBF). The effect of the m-SBF volume on the apatite coating quality was studied. Three m-SBF volumes, 50, 100, and 200 mL, were employed to immerse titanium substrates in a sealed container so as to produce apatite coatings with different properties, namely types I, type II, and type III apatite coatings, respectively. The coatings were characterized using X-ray diffraction and environmental scanning electron microscope. The bonding between the coating and the Ti substrate was evaluated using an adhesive strength test. All three apatite coatings demonstrated a poorly crystallized structure, and the coatings formed exhibited a uniformed surface morphology. Further increasing the m-SBF volume, small globules of apatite started to form on the surface of the coating. The bonding strength for the three coating systems were 8.52 +/- 2.41, 10.36 +/- 2.78, and 17.23 +/- 2.55 MPa for types I, II, and III apatite coatings, respectively. The failure analyses suggested that type III coating failed mostly at the interface between the coating and the substrate, while type I and II coatings failed mostly within the apatite coating. Our study revealed that a dense, thick, well-adhered apatite coating could be achieved by carefully controlling the volume of m-SBF.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Improvement of bonding strength between biomimetic apatite coating and substrate

Wei

2007

J Biomed Mater Res

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“…All were short lived, “our” Meckel reaching the age of 52 while his anatomist grandfather (the revered avus ), father, half brother, and half‐nephew died, respectively, at 50, 47, 39, and 34 years. We base our comments on this family and their accomplishments on Beneke [1934]; Meader [1937]; Voss [1952]; Schierhorn and Schmidt [1968a,b]; Schierhorn [1969; 1975a,b, 1984]; Göbbel and Schultka [2002, 2003]; Klunker et al [2001, 2002]; and other sources. For those unable to read German, the articles by Meader [1937]; Temkin [1959]; Clark [1969]; Seidler [1984], the DSB entry by Risse [1974], and Coleman [1977] are recommended.…”

Section: Which Meckel?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Meckel on developmental pathology

Opitz

Schultka

Göbbel

2005

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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Before Schleiden and Schwann, Darwin and Mendel there passed briefly a towering giant, Johann Friedrich Meckel the Younger (1781-1833), now glimpsed only fleetingly and obscurely through the mist of time and former controversies, who can nowadays easily and clearly be identified as the father of a "pre-modern" developmental biology. At his beginning this prodigiously gifted physician-scholar had, as one would say nowadays, an unfair advantage, his cradle having been rocked, as it were, by the preparators in his father's and grandfather's huge collection of normal and abnormal anatomical "specimens" in the home in which he was born and raised including his father's own skeleton (with two anatomical anomalies!). Initially reluctant to follow in the steps of his illustrious anatomist/physician grandfather and father, he nevertheless early demonstrated extraordinary gifts in anatomy and zootomy. Napoleon's conquest of his homeland notwithstanding, Meckel spent at least 2 extremely fruitful years in Paris, under the tutelage of Cuvier, but also in close contact with Geoffroy St. Hilaire (Etienne), Lamarck, and von Humboldt. He not only translated Cuvier's Leçons d'anatomie comparée into German but also greatly enriched this pivotal treatise with observations of embryonic and malformed fetuses and animals only of passing interest to his mentor. In his numerous publications, Meckel was the first to relate abnormal to normal development, define anomalies of incomplete differentiation (vestigia), but, most importantly, to relate those malformations known in humans to those that are normal adult developmental states in "lower" animals (atavisms). Thus, Meckel's three-fold parallelism of the scala naturae, normal ontogeny, and the malformations in humans and animals makes him a recapitulationist par excellence, however, without ever venturing into a fully articulated and explicit theory of descent. Today Meckel is remembered solely as the discoverer of the syndrome and cartilage named after him, and as having interpreted, correctly, the developmental nature of the "Meckel" diverticulum. It is virtually unknown that Meckel also first enuntiated the concept and distinction between primary and secondary malformations/anomalies, introduced the notion of heredity into the causal analysis of congenital anomalies, was the father of syndromology (the Meckel syndrome), had a clear understanding of pleiotropy and heterogeneity, and can unequivocally be regarded as the father of developmental pathology. In hindsight, and inspite of much professional success, Meckel emerges as a tragic figure in the history of biology, his life cut short at 52 without an ability to incorporate cell theory and the embryological insights of his younger contemporaries into his intellectual edifice which might have made it possible for him to finally and clearly see "analogy" (now homology), of which he was the greatest expert in his era, as incontrovertible evidence for descent. In that case, Darwin and Haeckel might have even had the courtesy of a tip-of...

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“…In the last few years, the collection, and in particular the anomalous human and animal fetuses were studied to identify the specimens described by Meckel the Younger and his students [Klunker, 2003]. DNA‐based molecular cytogenetic techniques, such as comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), were used in combination with radiographic techniques, computer tomography (CT), spiral CT, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to reassess the diagnoses from a contemporary perspective and to compare these with the original diagnoses [Klunker et al, 2002, 2005; Tönnies et al, 2002, 2005; Göbbel et al, 2005]. The collection includes many malformations which Meckel the Younger called either anomalies of incomplete development or primary malformations ( die ursprünglichen Bildungsfehler ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nuchal cystic hygroma in five fetuses from 1819 to 1826 in the Meckel‐anatomical collections at the University of Halle, Germany

Göbbel¹,

Schultka²,

Klunker³

et al. 2006

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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The Anatomical collection of the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical School of the University of Halle, Germany, comprises more than 8,000 specimens. Around 600 of them show congenital anomalies. The collection of abnormal human and animal fetuses began as the private collection of Johann Friedrich Meckel the Elder (1724-1774), his son Philipp Friedrich Theodor Meckel (1755-1803) and his grandson Johann Friedrich Meckel the Younger (1781-1833). Meckel the Younger founded the systematic science of developmental pathology. Radiographical techniques, computer tomographic (CT) methods, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) were used to diagnose abnormal human fetuses in the Meckel-anatomical collections. Cystic hygroma colli was found in five of the human fetuses originally described by JF Meckel the Younger in 1826 and one of his students in 1819 [Hencke, 1819]. CGH analyses were used to test whether the observed cystic hygroma colli could be caused by chromosomal aneuploidies. CGH-ratio profiles of all chromosomes were apparently normal. PCR-based sex determination tests on ancient DNA were used to determine the fetal gonosomal constitution. It is likely that the Meckel specimens are among the oldest fetuses in which Ullrich-Turner "phenotype" has been diagnosed.

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Johann Friedrich Meckel d. J. (1781–1833) und die moderne Teratologie

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Improvement of bonding strength between biomimetic apatite coating and substrate

Improvement of bonding strength between biomimetic apatite coating and substrate

Meckel on developmental pathology

Nuchal cystic hygroma in five fetuses from 1819 to 1826 in the Meckel‐anatomical collections at the University of Halle, Germany

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