Measurements of α s , the coupling strength of the Strong Interaction between quarks and gluons, are summarised and an updated value of the world average of α s (M Z 0 ) is derived. Special emphasis is laid on the most recent determinations of α s . These are obtained from τ -decays, from global fits of electroweak precision data and from measurements of the proton structure function F 2 , which are based on perturbative QCD calculations up to O(α 4 s ); from hadronic event shapes and jet production in e + e − annihilation, based on O(α 3 s ) QCD; from jet production in deep inelastic scattering and from Υ decays, based on O(α 2 s ) QCD; and from heavy quarkonia based on unquenched QCD lattice calculations. A pragmatic method is chosen to obtain the world average and an estimate of its overall uncertainty, resulting inThe measured values of α s (Q 2 ), covering energy scales from Q ≡ M τ = 1.78 GeV to 209 GeV, exactly follow the energy dependence predicted by QCD and therefore significantly test the concept of Asymptotic Freedom.