Janus Micromotors for Electrochemical Sensing and Biosensing Applications: A Review

Jurado‐Sánchez, Beatriz; Escarpa, Alberto

doi:10.1002/elan.201600567

Cited by 65 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Self‐motile nano/micromotors are small objects that can harvest various energies from different sources and convert them into motion . The fact that these small‐scale motors display active motion has allowed them to be used for either capture, transport, and release of drugs or cleaning agents in biomedical and environmental remediation applications, respectively . The catalytic Janus nano/micromotors based on noble metals, e.g., platinum (Pt), which are autonomously propelled by decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), have been extensively used due to their simple design .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Pourrahimi

Villa

Palenzuela

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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The first models of mesoporous ZnO/Pt Janus micromotors that show fuelfree and light-powered propulsion depending on the interface roughness are shown. Two models of ZnO semiconducting particles with distinct surface morphologies and pore structures are synthesized by self-aggregation of primary nanoparticles and nanosheets into nanoscale rough and smooth microparticles, respectively. The self-assembled nanosheet model (smooth) provides a large surface for the formation of a continuous Pt layer with strong adherence, whereas the discontinuous Pt species take place inside the inter-nanoparticles pores in the self-assembled nanoparticle model (rough). The effects of the interface, surface porosity, defect, and charge transfer on the light-powered motion for both well-designed mesoporous ZnO/Pt Janus micromotors are investigated and compared to find the underlying propulsion mechanisms. The degradation of two model pollutants is demonstrated as a proof-of-concept application of these carefully engineered Janus micromotors. In this work, it is shown that by discreet material fabrication together with semiconductor/metal interface charge transport interpretation, it would be possible to develop new light-driven Janus micromotors based on other photocatalysts containing active surfaces such as TiO 2 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Pourrahimi

Villa

Palenzuela

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Table 3 summarizes the main features of the biosensing strategies that were reported involving the use of self-propelled Janus magnetic particles. It is important to note that the autonomous movement of the Janus magnetic particles has been decisive in developing efficient and rapid biosensing strategies involving 'on-the-move' recognition and (bio)sensing events in complex samples without preparatory and washing steps [4,7,8,11,15,[69][70][71][72][73]. This autonomous movement around the sample addresses the low binding efficiency associated with the slow analyte transport occurring in bioaffinity sensors working in quiescent sample droplets, thus, increasing the likelihood of target-receptor contacts and greatly enhancing the kinetic and sensitivity of the (bio)sensing event [11].…”

Section: Self-propelled Janus Magnetic Particles For (Bio)sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Janus Particles for Static and Dynamic (Bio)Sensing

et al. 2019

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Magnetic Janus particles bring together the ability of Janus particles to perform two different functions at the same time in a single particle with magnetic properties enabling their remote manipulation, which allows headed movement and orientation. This article reviews the preparation procedures and applications in the (bio)sensing field of static and self-propelled magnetic Janus particles. The main progress in the fabrication procedures and the applicability of these particles are critically discussed, also giving some clues on challenges to be dealt with and future prospects. The promising characteristics of magnetic Janus particles in the (bio)sensing field, providing increased kinetics and sensitivity and decreased times of analysis derived from the use of external magnetic fields in their manipulation, allows foreseeing their great and exciting potential in the medical and environmental remediation fields.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Suspensions of spermatozoa, [7][8][9] algae, [10][11][12][13] and bacteria [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] have been investigated extensively not only to recognize novel effects of non-equilibrium physics under conditions of low Reynolds number but also to attain possible controls over various biological processes involving ab road variety of molecular motors and proteins.T he pursuit has further been augmented by the development of model systems comprised of chemically active motors and molecules. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] These systems offer unprecedented opportunities to understand local energy transduction in colloidal systems and explore possibilities to harness non-equilibrium phenomena for useful applications.I nr ecent years,r esearch in this direction has resulted in many interesting designs and propulsion strategies for artificial micro-and nanomachines-with demonstrations on their futuristic applications as sensors, [32][33][34][35] assemblers, [36][37][38][39] and fluid pumps. [40][41][42]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Coupling at Low Reynolds Number

Dey

2019

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Collective and emergent behaviors of active colloidal assemblies provide useful insights into the statistical physics of out-of-equilibrium systems. Colloidal suspensions containing microscopic active swimmers have recently been studied with much vigor to understand principles of energy transfer at low Reynolds number conditions. Using molecules of active enzymes and ångström sized organometallic catalysts it has further been demonstrated that energy can be transferred even by molecules to their surroundings, influencing substantially the overall dynamics of the systems. Monitoring the diffusion of non-reacting tracers dispersed in active solutions, it has been shown that the nature of energy transfer in systems containing different swimmers is surprisingly similar - irrespective of their differences in sizes, modes of energy transduction and propulsion strategies. These observations provide motivation not only to characterize reaction generated force fields under complex fluidic environment but also to look for possible similarity in their behavior across multiple length scales. This review discusses research results obtained so far in this direction, highlighting the common features observed regarding dynamic coupling of swimmers with their surroundings. Activity-induced force generation and its collective effects are expected to find wide importance in transport and organization of materials at smaller length scales. Underscoring the nature of reaction generated perturbations, especially under crowded cytosolic conditions, is further likely to advance our knowledge of intracellular mechanics of small molecules during various metabolic processes and chemical transformations.

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Janus Micromotors for Electrochemical Sensing and Biosensing Applications: A Review

Cited by 65 publications

References 84 publications

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Catalytic and Light‐Driven ZnO/Pt Janus Nano/Micromotors: Switching of Motion Mechanism via Interface Roughness and Defect Tailoring at the Nanoscale

Magnetic Janus Particles for Static and Dynamic (Bio)Sensing

Dynamic Coupling at Low Reynolds Number

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