Jackstone: A Calculus “Toy” in the Bladder. A Case Report of Rare Entity and Comprehensive Review of the Literature

Abstract

Background: An uncommon type of urinary calculus, Jackstone was named after its distinct resemblance to the children’s game “Jacks.” It typically involves the bladder and, to a lesser extent, the upper urinary tract.Case Presentation: Herein, we report a case of Jackstone vesical calculus in a 75-year-old male undergoing elective open prostate surgery for benign prostate hyperplasia refractory to medical treatment. Preoperative clinical examination revealed intermittent gross hematuria and symptoms suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction, while radiological investigation confirmed the presence of a solitary star-shaped spike-like bladder stone along with an overly enlarged prostate. Following open simple prostatectomy and concomitant intact stone removal, our patient made an uneventful postoperative recovery.Conclusion: This case highlights an infrequent subtype of bladder lithiasis and further expands upon the importance of promptly treating the underlying cause once this rare entity is detected. A comprehensive review of the literature on Jackstone calculi is further presented.

Jackstone in the renal calyx: A rare case report

“…Therefore, medical imaging examinations and visual inspection are necessary for diagnosis. Patients with jackstones often exhibit intermittent gross hematuria, obstructive lower urinary tract symptoms, and abdominal or flank pain, making these patients seek medical attention[ 3 , 6 , 7 ].…”

“…In previous reports, jackstones were usually located in the renal pelvis[ 8 , 9 ]. Symeonidis et al [ 3 ] summarized 14 previously published cases of jackstones found in the urinary tract: 78.6% of patients had single jackstones; 2 cases had renal stones and the remaining 12 patients had bladder stones[ 3 ]. However, the exact pathophysiology of jackstone development remains poorly understood.…”

“…Jackstones are named for their radiating appearance, which resembles toy jacks[ 1 ]. They have been reported in different animals[ 2 ] and humans and are usually found in the urinary bladder but rarely found in the kidneys[ 3 , 4 ]. The most common jackstones include those composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate and calcium oxalate dihydrate[ 5 ].…”

Treatment of giant prostatic urethral stone with prostatolithotomy case report

“…[ 3 ] The global prevalence of urolithiasis and the existence of rare forms/types of urolithiasis in other parts of the urinary tract, in addition to the typical renal or ureteral occurrence, must not be forgotten. [ 11 ] We believe that this case report will guide the management of giant prostatic urethral stones.…”

COMMENTARY ON : " A Calculus “Toy” in the Bladder. A Case Report of Rare Entity and Comprehensive Review of the Literature"

“…The article entitled: Jackstone: A Calculus "Toy" in the Bladder. A Case Report of Rare Entity and Comprehensive Review of the Literature [1], is as far as we know the first medical review concerning Jackstone (JS) in the literature.…”