ITO/PVK/Alq/metal LEDs: influence of PVK doping with DCM and of passivation with sputtered Si3N4

Berthelot, Laurent; Tardy, J.; Garrigues, M.; Cremillieu, Pierre; Joseph, Jochan; Masenelli, Bruno

doi:10.1016/s0925-3467(99)00052-x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…6(a) shows the external quantum efficiency (EQE) plotted against current density of the conventionally fabricated PVK/80 nm Alq 3 /Al device with the some EQEs reported from the literature for comparison. The device is better than older PVK/Alq 3 devices from the 1990 s. 19,20 It is easy to speculate on differences, but one difference noted in the articles is that all the measurements from Jiang et al 19 and Berthelot et al 20 were undertaken in ambient conditions (unlike Tang and Van Slyke 13 and Li et al, 18 which were kept in inert oxygen-free atmospheres). It is particularly interesting that the EQE value from Jiang et al 19 is so close to the value obtained here (0.25% vs 0.4%).…”

Section: A Conventional Alq 3 Device Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6. (a) The EQE is plotted as a function of current density (J) for the conventionally fabricated PVK/Alq 3 /Al device from this study compared with the best Alq 3 devices with PVK and Al, 18 earlier PVK/Alq 3 /Al devices, 19,20 and the original OLED with a diamine/Alq 3 /Mg:Ag structure. 13 (b) The current density (J) and luminance (L) as a function of voltage (V) for the conventionally fabricated PVK/Alq 3 device from this study.…”

Section: B Lifted Alq 3 Pixel Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The fabrication of small molecule organic light-emitting diode pixels by laser-induced forward transfer

Shaw-Stewart

Mattle

Lippert

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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White organic light-emitting diodes prepared by a fused organic solid solution method Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 073510 (2005);Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a versatile organic light-emitting diode (OLED) pixel deposition process, but has hitherto been applied exclusively to polymeric materials. Here, a modified LIFT process has been used to fabricate small molecule Alq 3 organic light-emitting diodes (SMOLEDs). Small molecule thin films are considerably more mechanically brittle than polymeric thin films, which posed significant challenges for LIFT of these materials. The LIFT process presented here uses a polymeric dynamic release layer, a reduced environmental pressure, and a well-defined receiver-donor gap. The Alq 3 pixels demonstrate good morphology and functionality, even when compared to conventionally fabricated OLEDs. The Alq 3 SMOLED pixel performances show a significant amount of fluence dependence, not observed with polymerical OLED pixels made in previous studies. A layer of tetrabutyl ammonium hydroxide has been deposited on top of the aluminium cathode, as part of the donor substrate, to improve electron injection to the Alq 3 , by over 600%. These results demonstrate that this variant of LIFT is applicable for the deposition of functional small molecule OLEDs as well as polymeric OLEDs.

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