It is about time: Daily relationships between temporal perspective and well-being

Time Perspectives Predict Mood States and Satisfaction with Life over and above Personality

“…The study also supported Carelli et al’s (2011) division of future TP into separate positive and negative scales, consistent with each temporal orientation having positive and negative aspects (Rush and Grouzet 2012). Positive and negative future TPs were only modestly correlated (.36), suggesting that future orientations are differentiated by affect just as past TPs are.…”

“…The design allows only for a snapshot of mood on a single occasion. Future research might distinguish trait and state elements of TP in everyday contexts, e.g., through using a longitudinal experience sampling method (Rush and Grouzet 2012). Future studies should seek for potential mediators of the obtained relationships, i.e., specific mechanisms and processes that may be sensitive to the individual’s TP, focusing especially on retrieval of autobiographical memories and on mood-regulation strategies congruent with the TP (Matthews and Stolarski 2015).…”

“…The temporal orientations that a person uses to structure their experience influence well-being (Boniwell et al 2010; Rush and Grouzet 2012; Zimbardo and Boyd 1999). For example, Rush and Grouzet (2012) suggest that a focus on the present supports active, mindful engagement with life, and hence promotes wellbeing. The shaping of experience by past memories and by future plans may also play important roles (Zimbardo and Boyd 1999).…”

“…There are various theoretical accounts of temporal perspective, along with several different measures of the construct (Rush and Grouzet 2012; Shipp et al 2009). The present study concerns the construct of Time Perspective (TP) developed by Zimbardo and Boyd (1999, 2008).…”

New perspectives on time perspective and temporal focus

“…Unfortunately, researchers often fail to specify the conceptual form they apply, even at times conflating trait and state‐based forms. We advise scholars to pay careful attention to the operationalization of time perspective and temporal focus and specify whether individual traits and situational states apply (e.g., Foo et al, ; Kairys & Liniauskaite, ; Rush & Grouzet, ). The importance of the trait versus state distinction is noted by Efrat‐Treister and colleagues (this issue).…”