Issues of definitions and their implications: AIDS and leprosy

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review

“…Social isolation and other forms of rejection from others were frequently reported and are consistent with previous studies on attitudes toward patients during epidemics and pandemics. 104…”

“…Social isolation and other forms of rejection from others were frequently reported and are consistent with previous studies on attitudes toward patients during epidemics and pandemics. 104 Outcomes of stigma. The review findings indicated there were various outcomes experienced by participants, such as anxiety which was the most experienced one, 18,23,27,40,43,49,53,5 8,62,69,88,91 followed by depression, 18,23,32,43,49,53,58,62,69,91 fear, 31,45,58,66,76,88 anger, 19,40,50,60,76,87,89 mental health disorders, 19,47,49,58,90,91 secondary traumatic stress, 30,53,62,63,76 nondisclosure of COVID-19, 25,35,47,56,80,89 loss of financial support, 36,73,80 burnout, 30 less happiness,…”

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review

“…Social isolation and other forms of rejection from others were frequently reported and are consistent with previous studies on attitudes toward patients during epidemics and pandemics. 104…”

“…Social isolation and other forms of rejection from others were frequently reported and are consistent with previous studies on attitudes toward patients during epidemics and pandemics. 104 Outcomes of stigma. The review findings indicated there were various outcomes experienced by participants, such as anxiety which was the most experienced one, 18,23,27,40,43,49,53,5 8,62,69,88,91 followed by depression, 18,23,32,43,49,53,58,62,69,91 fear, 31,45,58,66,76,88 anger, 19,40,50,60,76,87,89 mental health disorders, 19,47,49,58,90,91 secondary traumatic stress, 30,53,62,63,76 nondisclosure of COVID-19, 25,35,47,56,80,89 loss of financial support, 36,73,80 burnout, 30 less happiness,…”

University students’ knowledge and attitudes towards leprosy

“…Since biblical times, stigma was considered to be the consequence of sin and uncleanliness [19]. Moreover, the social stigma of leprosy was supported by the fear of contagion combined with the physical manifestation of leprosy [20]. The social stigma of leprosy remained strong in the twentieth century, with western policies encouraging the confinement of people affected with leprosy within various leprosaria worldwide, leading to more fear, discrimination, and stigma [21].…”

Portrayal of Childhood Cancer in English Language Magazines in North America: 1970–2001

“……”

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review

“…Social isolation and other forms of rejection from others were frequently reported and are consistent with previous studies on attitudes toward patients during epidemics and pandemics. 104…”

“…Social isolation and other forms of rejection from others were frequently reported and are consistent with previous studies on attitudes toward patients during epidemics and pandemics. 104 Outcomes of stigma. The review findings indicated there were various outcomes experienced by participants, such as anxiety which was the most experienced one, 18,23,27,40,43,49,53,5 8,62,69,88,91 followed by depression, 18,23,32,43,49,53,58,62,69,91 fear, 31,45,58,66,76,88 anger, 19,40,50,60,76,87,89 mental health disorders, 19,47,49,58,90,91 secondary traumatic stress, 30,53,62,63,76 nondisclosure of COVID-19, 25,35,47,56,80,89 loss of financial support, 36,73,80 burnout, 30 less happiness,…”

University students’ knowledge and attitudes towards leprosy

“…Since biblical times, stigma was considered to be the consequence of sin and uncleanliness [19]. Moreover, the social stigma of leprosy was supported by the fear of contagion combined with the physical manifestation of leprosy [20]. The social stigma of leprosy remained strong in the twentieth century, with western policies encouraging the confinement of people affected with leprosy within various leprosaria worldwide, leading to more fear, discrimination, and stigma [21].…”

Portrayal of Childhood Cancer in English Language Magazines in North America: 1970–2001

“……”

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review

“…Social isolation and other forms of rejection from others were frequently reported and are consistent with previous studies on attitudes toward patients during epidemics and pandemics. 104…”

“…Social isolation and other forms of rejection from others were frequently reported and are consistent with previous studies on attitudes toward patients during epidemics and pandemics. 104 Outcomes of stigma. The review findings indicated there were various outcomes experienced by participants, such as anxiety which was the most experienced one, 18,23,27,40,43,49,53,5 8,62,69,88,91 followed by depression, 18,23,32,43,49,53,58,62,69,91 fear, 31,45,58,66,76,88 anger, 19,40,50,60,76,87,89 mental health disorders, 19,47,49,58,90,91 secondary traumatic stress, 30,53,62,63,76 nondisclosure of COVID-19, 25,35,47,56,80,89 loss of financial support, 36,73,80 burnout, 30 less happiness,…”

University students’ knowledge and attitudes towards leprosy

“…Since biblical times, stigma was considered to be the consequence of sin and uncleanliness [19]. Moreover, the social stigma of leprosy was supported by the fear of contagion combined with the physical manifestation of leprosy [20]. The social stigma of leprosy remained strong in the twentieth century, with western policies encouraging the confinement of people affected with leprosy within various leprosaria worldwide, leading to more fear, discrimination, and stigma [21].…”

Portrayal of Childhood Cancer in English Language Magazines in North America: 1970–2001

“……”