2009
DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2008.12.005
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Isotopic evidence for dead fish maintenance of Florida red tides, with implications for coastal fisheries over both source regions of the West Florida shelf and within downstream waters of the South Atlantic Bight

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Cited by 48 publications
(41 citation statements)
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“…The production of bioactive or toxic products by algae during HABs, including Karenia brevis, is considered primarily a defense strategy, with allelopathy a common interspecific strategy, particularly in harmful phytoplankton species, for avoiding predation (Kubanek et al 2005, Prince et al 2008. It has also been postulated that the production of an ichthyotoxin by K. brevis is an opportunistic strategy used to maintain the bloom because of increased nutrient availability from recycling of decomposing fish (Walsh et al 2009). Some HABs, e.g.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The production of bioactive or toxic products by algae during HABs, including Karenia brevis, is considered primarily a defense strategy, with allelopathy a common interspecific strategy, particularly in harmful phytoplankton species, for avoiding predation (Kubanek et al 2005, Prince et al 2008. It has also been postulated that the production of an ichthyotoxin by K. brevis is an opportunistic strategy used to maintain the bloom because of increased nutrient availability from recycling of decomposing fish (Walsh et al 2009). Some HABs, e.g.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The respective recruitment periods of some of the other fishes did not correspond with the major red tide event. The importance of clupeid fishes such as Spanish sardines, thread herrings, and Atlantic shad in the understanding of fish kills has been recognized by Walsh et al (2009).…”
Section: Red Tides Karenia Brevismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Center for Prediction of Red Tides (CPR) in Florida (Walsh et al 2009) has developed models to assess and predict red tides based on nitrogen isotope ratios in portions of the food web that maintain K. brevis. The food web associated with K. brevis has shown to be extremely complicated and differs somewhat in different areas based on currents and winds.…”
Section: Red Tides Karenia Brevismentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…32 Historical documentation suggested that K. brevis was also a part of the natural floral community of the Gulf of Mexico. Historical records reported observations of K. brevis blooms in the Gulf of Mexico before the 1950s 33,34 and it was still unclear if K. brevis blooms have increased in frequency or biomass. 35 In addition, it was possible that not all K. brevis blooms were detected and flagged.…”
Section: Karenia Brevis Bloom Eventsmentioning
confidence: 99%