Isotope and geochemical characterization of surface and subsurface waters in the semi-arid Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

Adelana, Segun; Olasehinde, Peter I.; Vrbka, Petr

doi:10.4314/ajst.v4i2.15298

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, groundwater is cheaply found along with low-lying areas and is largely hauled out using handlines from shallow wells particularly in rural areas (Anderson and Ogilbee 1973;Offodile 2002). Groundwater quality studies in Sokoto Basin (du Preez and Berber 1965;Anderson and Ogilbee 1973;Adelana et al 2003;Amadi et al 2015;Ekpoh and Ekpenyong 2011;Ette et al 2017;Toyin et al 2016;, Wali et al 2018a revealed water of excellent quality and of Holocene age (100-10,000 years BP). These studies were carried out in Cretaceous and Cenozoic Sediment sections of north-western and central Sokoto Basin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, groundwater has been studied using different techniques: geothermal techniques (Nwankwo 2015;Nwankwo and Shehu 2015;Olatunji and Musa 2013;Toyin et al 2016), isotope techniques (Adelana et al 2003;Geyh and Wirth 1980;Fillion et al 2014Fillion et al , 2018Selck et al 2018;Kattan 2018;Alemayehu et al 2019;Besser et al 2019), multivariate statistics (Mondal et al 2010;Azhar et al 2015;Yidana et al 2018), univariate statistics (Marghade et al 2010;Selvakumar et al 2017;Wali et al 2018a, b), modeling (Ebrahim et al 2019;Locatelli et al 2019), and chemical indices (Marghade et al 2010;Panaskar et al 2016;Wagh et al 2016). Results obtained from these studies showed groundwater quality is influenced by both the natural geogenic processes and anthropogenic activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fissures are usually most open above a depth of 91 m but even so, yields to boreholes are relatively low and cause high drawdown (Anderson and Ogilbee 1973;Offodile 2002). While boreholes are widely used in the study area as sources for improved water supply, shallow groundwater remained the most reliable source of drinking water especially in rural areas (Mohammed et al 2007;Adelana et al 2003;Aleke and Nwachukwu 2018;Olorunfemi and Oni 2019). However, the geological settings in addition to changes in land use combined with rock mineral influence groundwater composition (Dehnavi et al 2011; Khatri and Tyagi 2014;Redwan and Abdel Moneim 2016;Venkatramanan et al 2017;Jebreen et al 2018;Mukate et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrochemical characterization of shallow and deep groundwater in Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi State, Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

et al. 2019

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Groundwater under Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi has been characterized in order to determine its suitability for drinking and irrigation use. Water samples were drawn from shallow groundwater (hand-dug shallow wells < 5 m) and deep groundwater (boreholes > 40 m). Physical parameters (i.e., temperature, TDS, pH, and EC), were determined in situ, using handheld meters. Discrete water samples were obtained for determination of chemical parameters. Results from severalsample ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis test) suggested that heterogeneity in water table appeared to exert significant influence on groundwater chemistry which is characterized by a significant difference in pH, EC TH, Na + , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , PO 4 3− , Cl − , HCO 3 − , SO 4 2− , and NO 3 − concentrations. Also, ions including Fe 3+ , Zn 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , PO 4 3− , and SO 4 2− are above World Health Organization (2011) and National Standard for Drinking Water Quality (2007) reference guidelines. Most of the groundwater sources are moderately hard. Groundwater classification based on chloride, EC, and TDS revealed water of excellent quality for all types of uses. However, groundwater classification based on nitrate pollution revealed water of poor quality. Rock mineral is the major mechanism controlling water chemistry, as revealed by the Gibbs model. Most of the water sources have positive Scholler index, indicative of overall base exchange reactions in the underlying aquifers. Such condition was well explained by Piper trilinear diagram, which revealed two types of faces: Ca-Mg-HCO 3 and Ca-Mg-SO 4-Cl. The HCA categorized wells into three groups according to their hydrogeochemical physiognomies. Despite the significant difference in ions concentration and chemical indices, groundwater composition is more influenced by rock weathering than anthropogenic inputs. Groundwater evaluation for irrigation use indicates a significant difference in SAR level which is related to poor permeability index in shallow groundwater. Higher values of Kelly's index and magnesium adsorption ratio threatened groundwater suitability for irrigation use in the study area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrochemical characterization of shallow and deep groundwater in Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi State, Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

et al. 2019

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“…These water bearing aquifers are either confined or semi confined due to the presence of impervious Clay intercalations which resulted into artesian conditions in some areas in the Basin especially in the Gundumi and Gwandu Formations. [9,17,18,19,20], estimated the water storage, yield and hydraulic properties for the different aquifers in the basin; a yield range of 5,850 to 25,200lph -3 was calculated for the limestone aquifer. Gwandu formation is the most prolific in terms of Groundwater potential in the Sokoto basin, artesian aquifer occurred within this formation.…”

Section: Geology and Hydrogeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-evaluation of Shallow Floodplain Aquifers Groundwater Potentials and Storage of Sokoto Basin, Northwestern Nigeria

Hamidu¹,

Lawal²,

Abdulganiyu³

et al. 2017

AJWR

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Floodplains of Sokoto Basin with covering about 280,000 hectares of land was assessed for its shallow groundwater potentials. Data on pumping test of tube wells, logs and drilled tube wells were utilized for this study. Storativity was determined from known lithology of tube wells. Results of this study gives the ranges and averages of Hydraulic parameters for the shallow alluvial aquifers of hydraulic conductivity, transmissivity, specific capacity and storativity to be 6. -5 -6×10 -3 and 5×10 -4 respectively, While the Yields range of 0.3-7 l/s was obtained with 90% of tube wells evaluated having yields of 2.2 l/s and above. Lithologic Aquiferous units vary from medium sands, sands, coarse sands to gravel with thickness range of between 0.3 to 15 m. Computed hydraulic conductivity indicates the aquifer materials to be gravels and alluvial sands of high permeability. Specific capacity values indicated the wells to be of high productivity when compared with standard values, Transmissivity average revealed the area to be of high groundwater transmission potentials. Overall assessment of the yields of tube wells studied indicated that 90% of the wells have yields that are above the minimum required for irrigation; the low average drawdown of 0.41 m recorded is an indication that the aquifers have high efficiency and high performance as regards storage and transmission of water. Recharge of the alluvial aquifers is mainly through surface river flow and precipitation, climate change have recently threaten the recharge potential s owing to the drying up of some of these streams and rivers at the peak of dry season as well reduction in rainfall. Statistical analysis has shown a good linear relationship between Specific capacity with yield, Transmissivity and hydraulic conductivity while Transmissivity is linearly related with yield and Conductivity. Generally the study revealed that the Sokoto basin Fadama land to be of high groundwater potentials, with storage coefficient values of confined and high yielding aquifers with capabilities of sustaining withdrawals for long period without recharge from external sources. Standard procedures are highly recommended to reduce or avoid the case of drilling abortive or low yielding wells.

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“…Thus, changes in climatic variables/prolong climatic variability in particular rainfall will adversely affect farming operations. Similarly, Adelana et al, (2003) found that infrequent and short period of rainfall (<60 raining days) in most part of the basin prevents the development of agriculture, restricting crop production to only one planting season per year. Given the unique character rainfall Basin, there is need to examine the extent of variability on decadal basis and trend.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-Decadal Nature of Rainfall Character Over Sudano-Sahel, North-West Nigeria

Emeribe¹,

Uwadia²,

Fasipe³

et al. 2017

Afr. Res. Rev.

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The study investigated the spatial pattern of decadal variations in annual rainfall amounts in the Sokoto-Rima River Basin, Northwestern Nigeria. Rainfall dataset which is available on high-resolution (0.5 x 0.5 degree) grids resolution from the Climatic Research Unit CRU TS 3.21 of the University of East Anglia, Norwich, United AFRREV VOL. 11 (4), S/NO 48, SEPTEMBER, 2017 56Copyright © International Association of African Researchers and Reviewers, 2006-2017: www.afrrevjo.net. Indexed African Journals Online: www.ajol.info Kingdom was used for the period 1943-2012 for Bunza, Dakindari southwest of the study area, Gulma, Augi, northwest of the Sokoto-Rima basin, Goronyo, Galadi, northeast Maje and Dan-Dume stations southeast of the basin. Correlation of CRU TS dataset was performed with measured rainfall data (Yelwa climatic station) from Nigerian Meteorological Agency, using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation statistic at 0.05 significant levels. In general, the study found that periods of downward fluctuations in annual rainfall below mean values corresponded with period of rise in global temperature occasioned by anthropogenic greenhouse gases emission. The study revealed a significant decrease in the annual rainfall from late 1980 onwards.

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Isotope and geochemical characterization of surface and subsurface waters in the semi-arid Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Hydrochemical characterization of shallow and deep groundwater in Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi State, Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

Hydrochemical characterization of shallow and deep groundwater in Basement Complex areas of southern Kebbi State, Sokoto Basin, Nigeria

Re-evaluation of Shallow Floodplain Aquifers Groundwater Potentials and Storage of Sokoto Basin, Northwestern Nigeria

Inter-Decadal Nature of Rainfall Character Over Sudano-Sahel, North-West Nigeria

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