Isolation of Natural Plaque-Inhibiting Substances from ‘Nigerian Chewing Sticks’

Wolinsky, Lawrence E.; Sote, E O

doi:10.1159/000260768

Cited by 97 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…was beyond the scope of our study, a commonality of this genus is their relatively high levels of a number of tannin components including exifone (4-galloylpyrogallol), ellagic acid dehydrate, trimethyl ellagic acid, chebulic acid, corilagen, castalagin and chebulagic acid. 6,[8][9][10] Gallotannins have been reported to inhibit the growth of a broad spectrum of bacterial species 29 through a variety of mechanisms including binding cell surface molecules including lipoteichoic acid and proline-rich cell surface proteins, 30,31 and by inhibiting glucosyltransferase enzymes. 32 Ellagitannins have also been reported to exert antibacterial activity via several mechanisms including interaction with cytoplasmic oxidoreductases and by disrupting bacterial cell walls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Pharmacognostic Potential of Indian Terminalia Spp. in the Treatment and Prevention of Yersiniosis

Wright¹,

Greene²,

Cock³

2017

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Introduction: Yersinia enterocolitica is a major cause of food poisoning through contaminated meat products, causing the acute gastrointestinal disease yersiniosis. Many Terminalia spp. have documented therapeutic properties as general antiseptics, inhibiting the growth of a wide variety of bacterial species. Despite this, Indian Terminalia spp. extracts have not been tested for the ability to inhibit the growth of Y. enterocolitica. Methods: T. arjuna, T. catappa and T. chebula extracts were extracted by maceration and the extracts were investigated by disc diffusion assay for growth inhibitory activity against a clinical strain of Y. enterocolitica. The MIC values of the extracts were determined to quantify and compare their efficacies. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: T. chebula fruit extracts displayed potent growth inhibitory activity in the disc diffusion assay against Y. enterocolitica. The methanolic and ethyl acetate T. chebula fruit extracts were particularly potent growth inhibitors, with MIC values of 85 and 64 µg/mL respectively. The aqueous fruit extract also displayed good growth inhibitory activity against Y. enterocolitica, albeit with a higher MIC value (653 µg/mL). The T. arjuna branch extract was moderately active (3000 µg/mL). All other extracts were either low efficacy, or completely devoid of growth inhibitory activity. All Indian Terminalia spp. extracts were nontoxic (LC 50 values <1000 µg/mL) in the Artemia franciscana bioassay. Conclusions: The lack of toxicity and the potent growth inhibitory bioactivity of the T. chebula extracts against Y. enterocolitica indicates their potential as medicinal agents in the treatment and prevention of yersiniosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Pharmacognostic Potential of Indian Terminalia Spp. in the Treatment and Prevention of Yersiniosis

Wright¹,

Greene²,

Cock³

2017

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“…Many studies have reported potent growth inhibitory activities for a number of tannin compounds. Gallotannins have been reported to inhibit the growth of a broad spectrum of bacterial species 45 through a variety of mechanisms including binding cell surface molecules including lipotoichoic acid and proline-rich cell surface proteins, 46,47 and by inhibiting glucosyltransferase enzymes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Australian Acacia spp. extracts as natural food preservatives: Growth inhibition of food spoilage and food poisoning bacteria

Cock¹

2017

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Introduction:A. auriculiformis, A. disparrima and A. leptoloba are native Australian Acacia spp. which were used as both foods and medicines by the first Australians. Infusions and decoctions produced from leaves and bark have reputed antiseptic properties and were used traditionally to treat a variety of bacterial diseases. Despite this, Australian Acacia spp. solvent extractions have not been rigorously examined for antibacterial properties against food spoilage and food poisoning bacteria. Methods: The antimicrobial activity of A. auriculiformis, A. disparrima and A. leptoloba leaf extracts extractions was investigated by disc diffusion and growth time course assays against a panel of food spoilage and food poisoning bacteria. The growth inhibitory activity was quantified by MIC determination. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: A. auriculiformis, A. disparrima and A. leptoloba leaf extracts inhibited the growth of a wide range of bacterial species which cause food spoilage and food poisoning. A. auriculiformis extracts were generally more potent growth inhibitors than extracts prepared from the other species, although A. disparrima extracts were also potent inhibitors of bacterial growth. With few exceptions, the methanolic extracts were more potent growth inhibitors than the other solvent extractions. The methanolic A. auriculiformis leaf extract was a particularly potent inhibitor of K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis, B. cereus and S. aureus growth, with MIC values of 97, 132, 178 and 109 µg/mL respectively. This extract was also a good inhibitor of A. faecalis, A. hydrophilia and S. newport growth (MIC's <1000 µg/mL range). The A. disparrima extracts had a similar, albeit slightly less potent activity profiles. In contrast, the A. leptoloba leaf extracts were substantially less potent. All extracts were determined to be nontoxic in the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay, indicating their safety for use as natural food preservatives. Conclusions: The lack of toxicity of the A. auriculiformis, A. disparrima and A. leptoloba leaf extracts and their growth inhibitory bioactivity against a panel of food spoilage and food poisoning bacteria indicate their potential in the development of natural food preservatives.

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“…42 Furthermore, many tannin compounds have bacterial growth inhibitory activity. Gallotannins inhibit the growth of a broad spectrum of bacterial species 44 through a variety of mechanisms including binding cell surface molecules including lipotoichoic acid and proline-rich cell surface proteins, 45,46 and by inhibiting glucosyltransferase enzymes. 47 Elligitannins are also highly potent inhibitors of bacterial growth, with MIC values as low as 62.5 µg/ml.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Inhibitory Activity of Selected High Antioxidant Australian Syzygium Species Against the Food Poisoning and Tissue Necrotic Pathogen Clostridium Perfringens

Wright¹,

Lee²,

Pollock³

et al. 2016

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Introduction: Clostridium perfringens is a gram positive pathogen which is an etiological agent in Clostridial myonecrosis and enteritis necroticans. Unless promptly treated, C. perfringens infections may result in tissue necrosis and death. Syzygium australe (brush cherry) and Syzygium luehmannii (riberry) fruit and leaves have documented therapeutic properties as general antiseptic agents against an extensive panel of bacteria. Despite this, studies are yet to test the growth inhibitory activity of these species against C. perfringens. Methods: S. australe and S. luehmannii fruit and leaf extracts were investigated by disc diffusion assay for growth inhibitory activity against a clinical strain of Clostridium perfringens. Their MIC values were determined to quantify and compare their efficacies. Toxicity was determined using the Artemia franciscana nauplii bioassay. Results: Methanolic and aqueous S. australe and S. luehmannii fruit and leaf extracts as well as the corresponding fruit ethyl acetate extracts, displayed growth inhibitory activity in the disc diffusion assay against C. perfringens. The aqueous and methanolic extracts were particularly potent growth inhibitors, each with MIC values substantially <500 µg/mL. The S. australe fruit extracts were nontoxic in the Artemia franciscana bioassay (LC 50 values <1000 µg/mL). All ethyl acetate extracts were also nontoxic. In contrast, the S. luehmannii aqueous and methanolic extracts (fruit and leaf), as well as the S. australe leaf extracts displayed substantial toxicity in the assay. Conclusion: The potent growth inhibitory bioactivity of the fruit and leaf aqueous and methanolic Syzygium spp. extracts against C. perfringens indicates their potential as medicinal agents in the treatment and prevention of clostridial myonecrosis and enteritis necroticans.

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Isolation of Natural Plaque-Inhibiting Substances from ‘Nigerian Chewing Sticks’

Cited by 97 publications

References 9 publications

Investigating the Pharmacognostic Potential of Indian Terminalia Spp. in the Treatment and Prevention of Yersiniosis

Investigating the Pharmacognostic Potential of Indian Terminalia Spp. in the Treatment and Prevention of Yersiniosis

Australian Acacia spp. extracts as natural food preservatives: Growth inhibition of food spoilage and food poisoning bacteria

Growth Inhibitory Activity of Selected High Antioxidant Australian Syzygium Species Against the Food Poisoning and Tissue Necrotic Pathogen Clostridium Perfringens

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