Isolation of dermatophytes in wild felids from screening centers

Albano, Ana Paula Neuschrank; Nascente, Patrícia da Silva; Leite, Alice Teixeira Meirelles; Xavier, Melissa Orzechowski; Santin, Rosema; Mattei, Antonella Souza; Humberg, Roberta Martins Passos; Coimbra, Marco Antônio Afonso; Minello, Luiz Fernando; Meireles, Mário Carlos Araújo

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822013000100025

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…No Brasil, o status de carreadores subclínicos de dermatófitos já foi detectado em gatos domésticos [15,20], selvagens [3,5], e naqueles mantidos em abrigos [18]. Na área médica, o potencial zoonótico dos dermatófitos foi demonstrado em casos de humanos diagnosticados com dermatofitose e o contato com os pets no domicílio [1,2,7,10,38], onde os gatos constituem a principal fonte de contaminação.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…O isolamento de M. canis a partir de felinos clinicamente saudáveis, torna difícil o diagnóstico diferencial entre uma infecção subclínica da simples exposição ao ambiente contaminado [14,34,47]. Microtraumas ou escoriações causadas por ectoparasitas estão envolvidos no desencadeamento da infecção, através dos quais os artroconídeos penetram no folículo piloso [3]. De maneira geral, todo animal que possui uma cultura positiva deve ser tratado e, com isto, evitar a disseminação dos artroconídeos de M. canis no meio ambiente, além da transmissão zoonótica [14,34].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Dermatophytes in Cats without Dermatopathies in the Metropolitan Area of Florianópolis, Brazil

Fraga

Spanamberg

Ferreiro

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Dermatophytes are infectious agents responsible for dermatophytosis, an important worldwide zoonosis. Cats are considered potential hosts and reservoir of these fungi, especially Microsporum canis. The prevalence in cats without dermatopathies varies according to the region, climate and animal husbandry. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequency of dermatophytes in cats without clinical signs of dermatopathy in the Metropolitan Area of Florianópolis, situated in the coast of Southern Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: A total of 198 samples were obtained from cats without dermatopathies domiciled in the metropolitan area of Florianópolis. The collections were made through vigorous hair brushing throughout the body of the animal, using a sterile toothbrush. Mycological culture was performed onto Sabouraud Agar Chloramphenicol-Cyclohexamide (SCC), and incubated at 25-27°C for 21-28 days. The diagnosis was based on the macro and micromorphological characteristics of the isolated dermatophyte. One hundred and ten samples (55.6%) were collected in veterinary clinics and 88 (44.4%) in multiple household cats (average 11). The frequency of dermatophytes corresponded to 3.0% (6/198). Only the genus Microsporum was observed with predominance of M. canis (66.7%), followed by M. gypseum (33.3%). Saprotrophic fungi were observed in 94.4% of the cultures and 5.6% of the samples did not occurred fungal growth. Most of the isolates were obtained from adult cats (66.7%), females (83.3%) and with long hair (5.4%) in comparison to short hair samples (2.1%). Thirty percent of the cats (59/198) had been tested for retroviruses, and, among them, 27.0% were positive (22% FeLV and 5% FIV). M. gypseum was isolated from one feline FeLV positive. Various saprotrophic species were isolated from multiple household cats.Discussion: Dermatophytosis is considered as the most common occupational zoonosis among veterinarians, and it is recognized as a biological risk associated to the direct contact with cats. There are reports of regional outbreaks in Brazil where the pets were indicated as sources of dermatophytes to humans in the domestic environment. The frequency of dermatophytes observed in this study (3.0%) was lower than shown in others papers. Microsporum canis is commonly isolated from cats in hot weather regions and crowded living facilities; once introduced in to the creation on a cattery it is difficult to be eliminated. There is evidence of a higher occurrence of M. canis in cats FIV positive than seronegative ones. Dermatophytes were isolated from cats in contact with other cats (5/165). However, multiple household cats had no positive cultures and this outcome can be associated to high contamination by saprotrophic fungi. For diagnosis of dermatophytosis, mycological culture is indicated as the most efficient and easy to perform method, but it is necessary to be aware of false negative results, since it can occur in situations of intense contamination. Thus, it is advisable to prophylactically perform a clinical examination as a routine and also laboratory analyses in each cat before introducing it to a new environment.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Dermatophytes in Cats without Dermatopathies in the Metropolitan Area of Florianópolis, Brazil

Fraga

Spanamberg

Ferreiro

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…While Trichophyton and Microsporum genera contain distinct anthropophilic, zoophilic and geophilic species, according to their ability to cause infection primarily in humans or other animals, or to occur preferably as free-living residents in soil, respectively, the genus Epidermophyton encompasses only one species, E. floccosum, which affects only humans. [2][3][4] These ecological groups present congruence with phylogenetic clusters obtained by mitochondrial DNA or the DNA coding for ribosomal RNA (mtDNA or rDNA). 1,2,5,6 These studies corroborate the previous idea that the ancestors of these species inhabited the soil and were able to spread due to their ability to induce keratin degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…[2][3][4] These ecological groups present congruence with phylogenetic clusters obtained by mitochondrial DNA or the DNA coding for ribosomal RNA (mtDNA or rDNA). 1,2,5,6 These studies corroborate the previous idea that the ancestors of these species inhabited the soil and were able to spread due to their ability to induce keratin degradation. Thus, their subsequent direct contact with animals and man led them to adapt to their zoophilic or anthropophilic lifestyle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Molecular identification and phylogenetical analysis of dermatophyte fungi from Latin America

Garces

Hrycyk

Giacobino

et al. 2016

Mycoses

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Dermatophytes constitute a complex group of fungi, comprised of by the genera Trichophyton, Epidermophyton and Microsporum. They have the ability to degrade keratin and cause human and animal infections. Molecular techniques have made their identification faster and more accurate, and allowed important advances in phylogenetic studies. We aim to identify molecularly and to determine the phylogenetic relationships in dermatophyte fungi from Brazil and other Latin American countries, using DNA sequencing of the nuclear ribosome regions ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and D1/D2. DNA of 45 dermatophytes was extracted and amplified by PCR for identification at the species level by sequencing of those ribosomal regions. The software mega 6.0 was used to establish the phylogenetic relationships via the Maximum Likelihood method. Out of 45 strains, 43 were identified by ITS (95.5%) and 100% by D1/D2 sequencing. Two strains could not be identified by ITS. Phylogenetic analyses separated the genera Trichophyton and Microsporum, which presented an uncertain relationship with Epidermophyton floccosum, depending on the ribosomal marker. Both regions can provide efficient identification of dermatophytes, whereas phylogenetic analysis revealed complex relations among dermatophyte fungi.

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“…M. canis has been isolated also in lions (Panthera leo) (Avram et al, 1958). T. mentagrophytes has been isolated from geoffroy's cats (Leopardus geoffroyi) and jaguar (Panthera onça) (Albano et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clinical case of Trichophyton menthagrophytes and Microsporum canis co-infection in a Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaicа)

Mihaylov¹,

Tsachev²,

Petrov³

et al. 2016

BJVM

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A clinical case of co-infection with Trichophyton menthagrophytes and Microsporum canis in a Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaicа) is described. Clinical and laboratory mycological examinations were carried out. Two dermatophytic species were isolated from hairs, crusts and swab samples from different parts of the cage. A systemic oral therapy with itraconazole (Sporanox, Janssen) at a dose of 10 mg/kg with food was initiated and body surface was treated with 0.2% enilconazole solution (Imaverol, Janssen). The skin lesions of the tiger healed after the treatments, but recurred a month later. We recommended a thourough disinfection of the cage area inhabited by tigers and inventory in it. The therapeutic protocol was repeated. Clinical signs disappeared. Information about disease recurrence was obtained.

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Isolation of dermatophytes in wild felids from screening centers

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Dermatophytes in Cats without Dermatopathies in the Metropolitan Area of Florianópolis, Brazil

Dermatophytes in Cats without Dermatopathies in the Metropolitan Area of Florianópolis, Brazil

Molecular identification and phylogenetical analysis of dermatophyte fungi from Latin America

A clinical case of Trichophyton menthagrophytes and Microsporum canis co-infection in a Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaicа)

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