Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria

Ejeh, Francis Enenche; Undiandeye, Ann; Okon, Kenneth O.; Kazeem, Haruna Moshud; Kudi, A. C.

doi:10.4314/ejhs.v30i1.8

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The association was not statistically significant (p = 0.113). The finding from this study is dissimilar to findings from studies including in Benue state Nigeria which showed that the prevalence of TB significantly (χ 2 = 8.458; P = 0.003) highest in the 15-34 years age group (22.0%) compared to other age groups [26]. Also, in Port Harcourt Nigeria, the age-specific infection rate had a higher Tb in the age group >25 years (2.8%) than in <25 years (2.3%) and Age was the main correlate (P<0.05) of TB [39].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…= 0.043 -0.141). The finding from this study agrees with a study from Benue state Nigeria which showed that the prevalence of TB was significantly (χ2 = 4.751; P = 0.029) higher in rural areas than urban areas amongst patients (23.8% vs 14.1%) [26].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Findings from the study indicated that the prevalence of tuberculosis among presumptive tuberculosis patients from this study is relatively higher than the prevalence of tuberculosis revealed from studies in North Central Nigeria where FCT Abuja Nigeria is located and the studies with lower prevalence of tuberculosis include studies from Benue State Nigeria where the overall prevalence of tuberculosis was 16.93% and 15.9% [26] respectively. Additionally, studies on the prevalence of pulmonary Tuberculosis in presumptive tuberculosis patients conducted in Bida, North-Central Nigeria showed that 11.1% of the participants were diagnosed with TB which is also lower than the findings from this study [27] and, another study on suspected TB patients in North central Nigeria revealed a prevalence of TB of 13.25% [28].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

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Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients Offered HIV Testing Services in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria

Hosle¹

2023

TIJPH

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Tuberculosis is a communicable disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, considered a major risk to global health security. This study determined the prevalence, treatment outcomes, and factors associated with tuberculosis among 737 presumptive tuberculosis patients in Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria from 1st April 2019 to 30th May 2021 through retrospective cross-sectional study and multi-stage sampling. From Non-Municipal Area Councils, Bwari was selected while from Health Facilities, General Hospital Bwari and Gwarimpa were selected from Bwari and Abuja Municipal Area Council respectively by simple random sampling and data abstractions were done and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0 Software. The prevalence of tuberculosis amongst the patients was 19.4%. The tuberculosis treatment outcome showed that 66.4% were cured, 14.7% completed treatment, 7.0% failed treatment, 5.6% lost to follow-up and 0.7% removed from the Register. The prevalence of tuberculosis in the Bwari Area Council was 8.2%. The association between Area Council of Resident and tuberculosis was significant (p = 0.001). Patients that reside in Bwari Area Council were 0.078 times less likely to have tuberculosis compared to those who reside in Abuja Municipal Area Council and, Area Council of Residence was a predictor of tuberculosis (aOR = 0.001; 95% C.I. = 0.043 - 0.141). The prevalence of tuberculosis amongst patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus was 29.6%. The association was significant (p = 0.001) but not a predictor of tuberculosis (aOR = 0.840; 95% C.I. = 0.617 - 1.810). Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Presumptive, Tuberculosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

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Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients Offered HIV Testing Services in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria

Hosle¹

2023

TIJPH

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Improved Algorithm-Based Magnetic Resonance Images Combined with Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Combined with Spinal Tuberculosis

Jiang

Shi

et al. 2022

Scientific Programming

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This study aimed to analyze the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with computed tomography (CT) based on the improved algorithm for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) combined with spinal tuberculosis, so as to provide an effective reference theory for the clinical application of imaging diagnosis. The ResNet and Inception network structure were combined to form an improved convolutional neural grid classification (CNGC) algorithm. The improved algorithm was applied to AIDS patients with spinal tuberculosis to evaluate its diagnostic effect and value. 50 patients with AIDS and spinal tuberculosis and 50 patients with spinal tumors were selected for MRI and CT scans. The results showed that the accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of the improved ResNet-Inception algorithm were much higher than those of the ResNet18 and GoogLeNet algorithms. In addition, compared with the training losses of ResNet18 and GoogLeNet algorithms that converged after 700 times, the ResNet-Inception algorithm only required 350 times to achieve convergence. Based on the improved ResNet-Inception algorithm, the false positive rate (FPR) of AIDS combined with spinal tuberculosis in imaging examinations was about 4%, which was greatly lower than that of the other two traditional algorithms ( P < 0.05 ). It can be seen that the improved ResNet-Inception algorithm was more valuable than traditional algorithms for MRI combined with CT in the diagnosis of AIDS combined with spinal tuberculosis and showed great clinical value for the diagnosis of the disease and the differential diagnosis of spinal tumors.

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Medical Care for Tuberculosis-HIV-Coinfected Patients in Russia with Respect to a Changeable Patients’ Structure

et al. 2022

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To date, tuberculosis (TB) remains the primary cause of mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients in Russia. Since the beginning of 2000, a sharp change in the HIV patients’ structure, to the main known risk factors for HIV infection has taken place in Russia. The transmission of HIV through injectable drug use has begun to decline significantly, giving way to the prevalence of sexual HIV transmission today. These changes may require adjustments to organizational approaches to anti-TB care and the treatment of HIV-positive patients. Our study is aimed at identifying changes in TB-HIV coinfection patients’ structures in 2019 compared to 2000. Based on the results obtained, our goal was to point out the parameters that need to be taken into account when developing approaches to improve the organization of TB control care for people with HIV infection. We have carried out a cross-sectional, retrospective, epidemiological study using government TB registry data from four regions in two federal districts of Russia in 2019. The case histories of 2265 patients from two regions with high HIV prevalence, which are part of the Siberian Federal District of Russia, and 89 patient histories from two regions of low HIV prevalence, which are part of the Central Federal District of Russia, were analyzed. We found that parenteral transmission (69.4%) remains the primary route of HIV transmission among the TB-HIV coinfected. The unemployed of working age without disability account for 80.2% of all coinfected people, while the formerly incarcerated account for 53.7% and the homeless account for 4.1%. Those with primary multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) comprise 56.2% of HIV-TB patients. When comparing the incidence of coinfection with HIV among TB patients, statistically significant differences were obtained. Thus, the chances of coinfection increased by 4.33 times among people with active TB (95% CI: 2.31; 8.12), by 2.97 times among people with MDR-TB (95% CI: 1.66; 5.32), by 5.2 times in people with advanced processes in the lungs, including destruction, (95% CI: 2.78; 9.7), as well as by 10.3 times in the case of death within the first year after the TB diagnosis (95% CI: 2.99; 35.5). The absence of data for the presence of TB during preventive examination was accompanied by a decrease in the chances of detecting coinfection (OR 0.36; 95% CI: 0.2; 0.64). We have identified the probable causes of the high incidence of TB among HIV-infected: HIV-patient social maladaptation usually results in delayed medical care, leading to TB treatment regimen violations. Furthermore, self-administration of drugs triggers MDR-TB within this group. Healthcare providers should clearly explain to patients the critical importance of immediately seeking medical care when initial TB symptoms appear.

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Isolation and Immunological Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis from HIV and Non-HIV Patients in Benue State, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients Offered HIV Testing Services in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria

Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients Offered HIV Testing Services in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria

Improved Algorithm-Based Magnetic Resonance Images Combined with Computed Tomography in the Diagnosis of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Combined with Spinal Tuberculosis

Medical Care for Tuberculosis-HIV-Coinfected Patients in Russia with Respect to a Changeable Patients’ Structure

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