Isolation and characterization of pathogenic<i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i>from sea cage cultured cobia (<i>Rachycentron canadum</i>(Linnaeus 1766)) in India

Rameshkumar, P.; Nazar, A K A; Pradeep, M A; Kalidas, C; Jayakumar, R; Tamilmani, G; Sakthivel, M; Samal, Amir Kumar; Sirajudeen, S; Venkatesan, V.; Nazeera, B.M.

doi:10.1111/lam.12800

Cited by 44 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Instead of using the Vibrio pathogens reported in other literature (Mechri et al, 2017; Rameshkumar et al, 2017; Lv et al, 2019) as hosts for lytic phage isolation, our study started with the isolation of Vibrio strains from the diseased shrimp within the shrimp-farmed pond. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of the five Vibrio sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Specific Phages to Prepare a Cocktail Preventing Vibrio sp. Va-F3 Infections in Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

et al. 2019

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Vibrio is one of the most detrimental agents of shrimp premature death syndrome. Phage therapy for prevention and treatment of Vibrio infections has attracted increasing attentions due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial variants. Here, we describe a workflow of preparing a phage cocktail against Vibrio infections for practical applications. Twenty Vibrio strains were isolated from the gut of diseased shrimp and aquaculture wastewater, and five of them were identified as pathogens causing shrimp vibriosis. Twenty-two lytic phages were then isolated using the above five pathogens as hosts, and five of them showed broad host ranges and high lytic capability against the Vibrio strains. Whole genomic sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the five phages indicated that they are novel and belong to the Siphoviridae family. The phage cocktail consisting of these five phages showed higher efficiency in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic Vibrio sp. Va-F3 than any single phage in vitro. We then evaluated the performance of the phage cocktail in protecting shrimp against Vibrio sp. Va-F3 infections in situ. The results showed that shrimp survival rates could reach 91.4 and 91.6% in 7 days, for the cocktail-treated and the antibiotic-treated groups, respectively. By contrast, the shrimp survival rate of the group without any treatment was only 20.0%. Overall, this study describes a general workflow of how to prepare a phage cocktail and apply it in controlling bacterial infections in the shrimp aquaculture. Knowledge gained from this study will not only help fight against the shrimp vibriosis in practical but also facilitate the design of phage cocktails with a satisfying performance in controlling other animal diseases in aquaculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Specific Phages to Prepare a Cocktail Preventing Vibrio sp. Va-F3 Infections in Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

et al. 2019

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“…V. alginolyticus is a gram-negative bacteria which is an opportunistic pathogen in marine animals [10][11][12][13] . Bacterial diseases cause different fish infections such as, exophthalmia, ulcers, septicemia, and corneal damage [14][15][16] . Aeromonas hydrophila is found to be the main cause of the septicemia epidemic in freshwater fish 17,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial activity in secondary metabolite extracts of heterotrophic bacteria against Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2020

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Background: Disease causing bacteria such as Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa present a problem for fish farming. Treatment to remove them are generally carried out using antibiotics which have side effects on fish, the environment and humans. However, the use of antibacterial compounds derived from heterotrophic bacteria serve as a good alternative for antibiotics. Therefore, this study aimed to explore antibacterial activity in the secondary metabolite extracts of heterotrophic bacteria against Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Heterotrophic bacteria namely Bacillus sp. JS04 MT102913.1, Bacillus toyonensis JS08 MT102920.1, Bacillus cereus JS10 MT102922.1, Bacillus sp. JS11 MT102923.1, Pseudoalteromonas sp. JS19 MT102924.1, Bacillus cereus JS22 MT102926.1, and Bacillus sp. strain JS25 MT102927.1 were used in this study. The sequences of these bacteria have been deposited and are available from NCBI GenBank. Each heterotrophic bacterium was cultured on 6L nutrient broth for 8 days, and extracts produced using ethyl acetate to obtain their secondary metabolites. These extracts were tested for their phytochemical contents using FT-IR and also tested for their inhibitory property in pathogenic bacteria by agar diffusion method. Results: Phytochemical test results showed that the seven heterotrophic bacterial isolates produced terpenoid compounds. Based on the inhibitory test, the secondary metabolite extracts from Bacillus sp strain JS04 had the highest inhibitory effect on the growth of pathogenic bacteria namely, V. alginolyticus (17.5 mm), A. hydrophila (16.8 mm), and P. aeruginosa (17.3 mm). Conclusion: It was concluded that the secondary metabolite extracts of heterotrophic bacteria inhibit the growth of V. alginolyticus, A. hydrophila, and P. aeruginosa.

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“…V. harveyi was isolated from farmed cobia with gastro‐enteritis in Taiwan (Liu et al., 2004). Mortalities caused by Vibrio alginolyticus have been reported in sea cage farmed cobia from India (Rameshkumar et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coinfection with two strains of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae and Vibrio harveyi in cage farmed cobia, Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766)

Ramachandra

Dube

Sundaran

et al. 2020

Aquaculture Research

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In the case of coinfections, multiple pathogens induce pathologies independently or in combination. The present study describes the pathological and microbiological characterization of Vibrio harveyi and two strains of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae causing coinfection in cobia reared in sea cages. All the isolated pathogens were virulent to juvenile cobia by injection challenge. The experimental challenge with the three isolated pathogens singly or in combination revealed a significant difference in the mortality profile. Lesions in natural coinfection consisted of ascites, fibrinous deposits on internal organs, and increased melanomacrophage centres (MMC) and extensive necrosis in kidneys. Lesions in experimental infection were limited to congestion of internal organs. Enzymatic activity of both extracellular products (ECP) and live cells by well diffusion showed the highest enzymatic index for gelatinase in the ECP of V. harveyi. The enzyme activity evaluated based on the API‐ZYM system revealed the highest activity for alkaline and acid phosphatase in both ECP and bacteria. The MAR index indicated that the pathogens were from a low‐risk region of antibiotic contamination.

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Isolation and characterization of pathogenicVibrio alginolyticusfrom sea cage cultured cobia (Rachycentron canadum(Linnaeus 1766)) in India

Cited by 44 publications

References 22 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Specific Phages to Prepare a Cocktail Preventing Vibrio sp. Va-F3 Infections in Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Isolation and Characterization of Specific Phages to Prepare a Cocktail Preventing Vibrio sp. Va-F3 Infections in Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Antibacterial activity in secondary metabolite extracts of heterotrophic bacteria against Vibrio alginolyticus, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Coinfection with two strains of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae and Vibrio harveyi in cage farmed cobia, Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus, 1766)

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