Isolation and Characterization of Commensal Bifidobacteria Strains in Gut Microbiota of Neonates Born Preterm: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Wydau-Dematteis, Sandra; Delannoy, Johanne; Teolis, Anne-Claire; Giuseppi, Agnès; Campeotto, Florence; Lapillonne, Alexandre; Butel, Marie‐José; Aires, Julio

doi:10.3390/microorganisms10030654

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“… 56 The child’s gut seems to be unstable and thus modifiable early in life as no differences were observed in the gut microbiota during the first week of life between vaginally delivered children and children born via caesarean section but after 2 weeks certain differences were noticeable. 57 Likewise, a previous study 58 assessed the longitudinal changes of the populations of bifidobacteria in preterm children’s guts during their first year of life and concluded that there are fluctuations in the species, strains, and the gene expression of bifidobacteria, indicating that early external factors, or probiotic interventions, are able to modify the preterm microbiota. Indeed, it is not too late to begin the modification of the preterm child’s microbiota after birth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preterm gut microbiota and administration routes of different probiotics: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2023

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Background Preterm children with their aberrant gut microbiota and susceptibility to infections and inflammation constitute a considerable target group for probiotic therapy to generate the age-appropriate healthy microbiota. Methods 68 preterm neonates were randomized into five intervention groups: Beginning from the median age of 3 days, 13 children received Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) directly orally, and 17 via the lactating mother. 14 children received LGG with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 (Bb12) orally, and 10 via the lactating mother. 14 children received placebo. The children’s faecal microbiota was assessed at the age of 7 days by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results The gut microbiota compositions of the children directly receiving the probiotic combination (LGG + Bb12) were significantly different from those of the children receiving the other intervention modes or placebo (p = 0.0012; PERMANOVA), the distinction being due to an increase in the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium animalis (P < 0.00010; ANCOM-BC), and the order Lactobacillales (P = 0.020; ANCOM-BC). Conclusion The connection between aberrant primary gut microbiota and a heightened risk of infectious and non-communicable diseases invites effective microbiota modulation. We show that the direct, early, and brief probiotic intervention of LGG + Bb12 109 CFU each, is sufficient to modulate the gut microbiota of the preterm neonate. Impact Preterm children have a higher risk of several health problems partly due to their aberrant gut microbiota. More research is needed to find a safe probiotic intervention to modify the gut microbiota of preterm children. The maternal administration route via breast milk might be safer for the newborn. In our study, the early and direct administration of the probiotic combination Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12 increased the proportion of bifidobacteria in the preterm children’s gut at the age of 7 days, but the maternal administration route was not as effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preterm gut microbiota and administration routes of different probiotics: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2023

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“…Briefly, the single-centre PREMAFLORA cohort (ANR-07-PNRA-007) enrolled infants of gestational age less than 37 weeks hospitalized in a French NICU (2008–09). 19 Both the EPIFLORE (2011) and ClosNEC (2015–16) cohorts were multicentre NEC case–control studies involving 12 French NICUs, enrolling preterm neonates with gestational age less than 32 weeks . 9 , 20 No NEC outbreak was reported during the inclusion periods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium neonatale antimicrobial susceptibility, genetic resistance determinants, and genotyping: a multicentre spatiotemporal retrospective analysis

Ferraris,

Delannoy,

Mazuet

et al. 2023

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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Background Clostridium neonatale was isolated during an outbreak of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in 2002. C. neonatale was validated as a new species within the genus Clostridium sensu stricto in 2018. In the present study, we evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility, genetic determinants of resistance, and phylogenetic relationships of a collection of clinical isolates of C. neonatale. Methods C. neonatale strains (n = 68) were isolated from the stools of preterm neonates who either developed NEC or were asymptomatic carriers of C. neonatale in different periods and in different hospitals. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disc diffusion method. The MICs of clindamycin, cefotaxime and tetracycline were determined. Genetic determinants of resistance were screened by PCR (n = 68) and WGS (n = 35). Genotyping of the isolates was performed by MLST. Results Antimicrobial resistance was found to clindamycin (n = 24; 35%), cefotaxime (n = 7; 10%) and tetracycline (n = 1; 1%). One clindamycin-resistant isolate carried erm(B) by PCR. In addition, one isolate carrying tet(M) was tetracycline resistant (MIC = 16 mg/L) and 44 isolates carrying either tet(O), tet(32) or tet(M) were tetracycline susceptible (MICs < 16 mg/L). MLST showed that ST2 and ST15 were significantly associated with tet(32) (P < 0.0001) and tet(O) (P < 0.0001), respectively. From WGS, we identified aph(3′)-IIa and blaTEM-116 genes and a blaCBP-1-like gene. Conclusions C. neonatale is susceptible to anti-anaerobic molecules but resistant to clindamycin, cefotaxime and tetracycline. Genes encoding tetracycline ribosomal protection, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B rRNA methyltransferase, aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase and β-lactamases have been identified in genomic regions flanked by mobile genetic elements.

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“…1 ). The PREMAFLORA cohort (ANR-07-PNRA-007) included infants less than 37 weeks of gestational age who were hospitalized at a French NICU between 2008 and 2009 ( 20 ). The EPIFLORE study took place in 2011, and the ClosNEC study was conducted between 2015 and 2016.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core-genome multilocus sequence typing and core-SNP analysis of Clostridium neonatale strains isolated in different spatio-temporal settings

Mesa,

Delannoy,

Ferraris

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

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Clostridium neonatale was described as a new species within the Clostridium genus cluster I sensu stricto . It was recovered from the gut microbiota of infants and has been associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a severe gastrointestinal disease affecting preterm neonates. In the absence of molecular typing methods, we developed a core (cg)-genome multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme based on 48 newly sequenced and 12 publicly available genomes of C. neonatale . Using the ChewBBACA algorithm, a stable MLST scheme consisting of 2,350 target genes (with genomes having ≥95% cgMLST targets) is proposed. The strains are distributed among five clades, and while some are clonality related within clades, the C. neonatale strain distribution is independent of geographic or temporal clustering. When considering strains isolated from patients with and without NEC, there were no observable differences in clustering. When compared to a core-single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis approach (31,248 positions), we showed that both cgMLST and cgSNP have comparable genetic discrimination of strains. In this study, we validated the use of cgMLST and cgSNP-based typing methods for the genetic comparison of clinical isolates of C. neonatale , which will allow for future surveillance and epidemiological clinical investigations of this potential opportunistic pathogen. IMPORTANCE Clostridium neonatale has been isolated from the fecal samples of asymptomatic neonates and cases of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Taking advantage of a large collection of independent strains isolated from different spatio-temporal settings, we developed and established a cgMLST scheme for the molecular typing of C. neonatale . Both the cgMLST and cgSNP methods demonstrate comparable discrimination power. Results indicate geographic- and temporal- independent clustering of C. neonatale NEC-associated strains. No specific cgMLST clade of C. neonatale was genetically associated with NEC.

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Isolation and Characterization of Commensal Bifidobacteria Strains in Gut Microbiota of Neonates Born Preterm: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 58 publications

The preterm gut microbiota and administration routes of different probiotics: a randomized controlled trial

The preterm gut microbiota and administration routes of different probiotics: a randomized controlled trial

Clostridium neonatale antimicrobial susceptibility, genetic resistance determinants, and genotyping: a multicentre spatiotemporal retrospective analysis

Core-genome multilocus sequence typing and core-SNP analysis of Clostridium neonatale strains isolated in different spatio-temporal settings

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