Isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation is associated with tumor location and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in astrocytic neoplasms

Abstract

The molecular subsets of glioma behave in biologically distinct ways. The present study detected isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and IDH2 mutations in glioma to analyze whether IDH-mutated gliomas are situated in certain preferential areas and to investigate their correlation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics. A series of 193 patients with astrocytic neoplasms (111 diffuse and 82 anaplastic astrocytomas), grouped according to prelabeled anatomical structures and the risk of surgery, were retrospectively reviewed for IDH1 and IDH2 mutations to compare the tumor location and MRI features. A total of 111 IDH1 mutations at codon 132 (57.5%) and six IDH2 mutations at codon 172 (3.1%) were detected. The IDH1/2 mutations were found to predict longer survival, independent of the histological type in this series of patients. The IDH-mutated gliomas were predominantly located in a single lobe, such as the frontal lobe, temporal lobe or cerebellum and rarely in the diencephalon or brain stem. Furthermore, according to the risk of surgery, the IDH-mutated tumors were rarely located in the high-risk regions of the brain, where surgery exhibits a high mortality rate intraoperatively and postoperatively. In addition, gliomas with IDH mutations were significantly more likely to exhibit a unilateral pattern of growth, sharp tumor margins, homogeneous signal intensity and less contrast enhancement on MRI. The results of the current study suggested that the prolonged survival of patients with IDH-mutated gliomas is primarily due to a less aggressive biological behavior according to tumor site and MRI features.

Patterns of Tumor Contrast Enhancement Predict the Prognosis of Anaplastic Gliomas withIDH1Mutation

“…Another study demonstrated that IDH1-mutated gliomas were predominantly located in a single lobe and were more likely to have a unilateral growth pattern, sharp tumor margin, homogeneous signal intensity, and less contrast enhancement on MR imaging. 27 In the present study, we also found that tumor contrast enhancement was associated with IDH1 status. Tumors accompanied by mutant IDH1 were less likely to show contrast enhancement on MR images compared with tumors without IDH1 mutation.…”

Genetically Defined Oligodendroglioma Is Characterized by Indistinct Tumor Borders at MRI

“…22 Alternatively, methods such as MR perfusion and diffusion tensor imaging have been shown to correlate with IDH-mutation status. [23][24][25] Provided that these techniques, particularly spectroscopy, continue to advance at their present rate, radiographic identification of 1p/19q status could be all that is necessary to categorize WHO grade II and III infiltrating gliomas by imaging. 18,[26][27][28][29] Our finding of an association between lower ADC values with 1p/19q codeletion has previously been described in small studies.…”

MR Imaging Characteristics Associate with Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Glioblastoma and Provide an Improved Signature for Survival Prognostication

“…29,37,38 Sharper margins and less contrast enhancement by MR imaging have been associated with features of ALTϩ tumors, including mutant IDH1, mutant tumor protein p53 (TP53), or proneural tumors. 13,16,18,20,39,40 Considering that most ALTϩtumors in this study had mutant IDH1 or IDH2, MR imaging features of ALT may be due to mutant IDH. The expansive T1/FLAIR VASARI feature had greater significance when tumors were compared based on IDH mutant status rather than telomere maintenance subtype.…”

“…Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations, O6-methylguanine methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation, and epidermal growth factor receptor overexpressing tumors have been correlated with MR imaging features. 13,[15][16][17][18][19] That tumor biology influences imaging features is further evident in studies that investigate subgroups of glioblastomas based on multiple gene expression differences. 20 This study aimed to determine whether MR imaging features were associated with the telomere maintenance mechanism and tumor-associated macrophage content-based subtypes.…”