Is returning to school during the COVID-19 pandemic stressful? A study on immediate mental health status of Chinese college students

Wang, Dongfang; Chen, Huilin; Zhai, Shuyi; Zhu, Zuo-Nong; Huang, Sai; Zhou, Xiuzhu; Pan, Ye; Meng, Dongjing; Yang, Zhaorong; Zhao, Jingbo; Fan, Fang; Liu, Xianchen

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.03.035

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The prevalence of insomnia in the current study is lower than that reported by using the Insomnia Severity Index (Li et al, 2020 ) and also lower than that reported by the YSIS scale in a community sample before the pandemic (Geng et al, 2021 ). However, the figure aligns with the findings of a study conducted among college students, which showed a similar proportion (6.1%) of clinical insomnia through for the YSIS scale (Wang et al, 2021 ). This may be attributed to the special data collection period and the resilience of individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The cutoffs were as follows: normal (8–21), mild insomnia (22–25), moderate insomnia (26–29), and severe insomnia (30–48) (Liu et al, 2019 ). The YSIS has been used in Chinese community adults (Geng et al, 2021 ) and college students (Wang et al, 2021 ), demonstrating good reliability and validity. Besides, Cronbach's α was 0.88 with the current parent sample, and 0.89 with the children's sample, indicating good reliability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The associations of parental COVID‐19 related worries, lifestyles, and insomnia with child insomnia during the COVID‐19 outbreak

Zhan

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2022

Journal of Sleep Research

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The impacts of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on sleep health have been studied extensively. However, little is known about sleep problems within the family system during the pandemic. This study aimed to examine the influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on insomnia in both adults and children, and to explore whether parental COVID‐19 related worries, lifestyles, and insomnia were associated with child insomnia. A total of 1355 parent–child dyads (39.2% fathers, mean age 38.37 years, SD = 5.34; 52.7% boys, mean age 12.47 years, SD = 1.67) were recruited from Jiangxi province in China from 4 to 18 February 2020. Data on insomnia, COVID‐19 related worries, physical activity, and screen time were collected using online questionnaires. Path analysis showed that COVID‐19 related worries and screen time were positively associated with insomnia in both parents and children; while children's physical activity was negatively related to children's insomnia. Parents' insomnia, COVID‐19 related worries, physical activity, and screen time were positively associated with children's insomnia, COVID‐19 related worries, physical activity, and screen time, respectively. Bootstrap tests showed that parents' worries were positively associated with children's insomnia via parents' insomnia and children's worries; parents' physical activity was negatively associated with children's insomnia via children's physical activity, parents' screen time was positively associated with children's insomnia via parents' insomnia and children's screen time. Both parental and child sleep are affected by the pandemic. Parental insomnia, stress reaction, and lifestyles contribute to child insomnia. Child sleep health may be maintained or improved by family bonds, home exercise, and sleep schedules.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The associations of parental COVID‐19 related worries, lifestyles, and insomnia with child insomnia during the COVID‐19 outbreak

Zhan

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2022

Journal of Sleep Research

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“… Cao et al, 2020 , Kujawa et al, 2020 , Lew et al, 2019 , Li et al, 2021 , Ma et al, 2020 , Majumdar et al, 2020 , McCracken et al, 2020 , Ren et al, 2021 , Smilkstein, 1993 , Spitzer et al, 2006 , Tang et al, 2020 , Cornine, 2020 , Tong et al, 2016 , Wang et al, 2020a , Wang et al, 2020b , Wang et al, 2021 , Wang et al, 2014 , WHO 2020 , Xie., 1998 , Zhou et al, 2020 , Fan et al, 2015 , Zimet et al, 1990 , Fancourt et al, 2021 , Feter et al, 2021 , Fu et al, 2020 , Gonzalez-Sanguino et al, 2021 , Goularte et al, 2021 , Kroenke et al, 2001 …”

Section: Uncited Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal trajectories of depression and anxiety among adolescents during COVID-19 lockdown in China

Wang

Zhao

Ross

et al. 2022

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Background This study examines the patterns and predictors of depression and anxiety trajectories among adolescents during COVID-19 lockdown in China. Methods A total of 35516 college students were followed from the pandemic outbreak period, initial remission period, and control period. Participants completed the Patient Heath Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and APGAR-family scale. Distinct patterns of depression and anxiety trajectories were established through grouping participants based on time-varying changes of the cut-off score. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine predictors for trajectory membership. Results Depression and anxiety prevalence during the COVID-19 outbreak were 21.3% and 11.5% respectively, and symptoms worsened as the lockdown time increased. Five depression/anxiety trajectories were observed: resistance, recovery, relapsing/remitting, delayed-dysfunction and chronic-dysfunction. Gender, academic year, residence location, history of mental health, and COVID-19 community exposure were significant predictors of distinct trajectories for depression or anxiety. Less social support or positive coping, more negative coping, and poorer family function were also risk predictors for not developing delayed or chronic dysfunction. Conclusions Although most adolescents remain euthymic or recover over time, some adolescents, especially those with the risk factors noted above, exhibit delayed or chronic symptoms. Thus, the need for individualized intervention with these adolescents is indicated.

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“…Many studies reported over 30% of university students suffer from depression ( 2 , 5 ), which is much higher than global and national levels in China ( 6 , 7 ). The latest report on national mental health development in China (2019–2020) reported that roughly 18.5% university students were depressed with depressive scores (assessed by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, CES-D) ranging from 10 to 17, and 4.2% of other university students are at high risk of depression with CES-D scores over 17 ( 8 ). To respond to the high prevalence and well-documented negative effects of depression in university students, depression screening and prevention have attracted the attention of policy-makers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Natural/Built Campus Environment and Depression Among Chinese Undergraduates: Multiscale Evidence for the Moderating Role of Socioeconomic Factors After Controlling for Residential Self-Selection

Yang

Cui

Dijst

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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AimEvidence on the association between natural-built environments and depression is largely derived from the general population and prone to residential self-selection bias because of the nature of cross-sectional research design. Despite emerging adulthood, which includes the university years, is a critical stage for forming life-long health habits, studies on this topic focusing on undergraduate students are limited. The current study aims to illustrate the underlying mechanisms for how the campus-based environments affect depression in undergraduate students.MethodsBased on a nationwide representative analytical sample of 22,009 Chinese undergraduates in 2018, we examined participants' reports of depression and campus-centered natural/built environments within multiple buffer sizes including 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 km. After disentangling residential self-selection, we explored the moderating role of the socioeconomic attributes of undergraduates. The depression outcome was measured by the nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9). Indicators of exposure to green and blue space, transportation infrastructure, and food environments were objectively assessed using different circular buffers around each campus address.ResultsModeling results indicated that campus neighborhoods with more scattered trees (0.5 km), water (0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 km), and street intersections (1.0 and 2.5 km) were protective against depression. In contrast, those living near denser distributions of outlets serving take-away sweets and fast food (0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 km) were susceptible to depression. These associations were modified by undergraduates' socioeconomic attributes (e.g., grade, Hukou status, and ethnicity) and varied according to geographical scales and exposure metrics.ConclusionTo deliver effective environmental interventions to curb the prevalence of depression among undergraduate students, further planning policies should focus on the careful conception of the campus-based environment, especially regarding different spatial scales.

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Is returning to school during the COVID-19 pandemic stressful? A study on immediate mental health status of Chinese college students

Cited by 41 publications

References 46 publications

The associations of parental COVID‐19 related worries, lifestyles, and insomnia with child insomnia during the COVID‐19 outbreak

The associations of parental COVID‐19 related worries, lifestyles, and insomnia with child insomnia during the COVID‐19 outbreak

Longitudinal trajectories of depression and anxiety among adolescents during COVID-19 lockdown in China

Association Between Natural/Built Campus Environment and Depression Among Chinese Undergraduates: Multiscale Evidence for the Moderating Role of Socioeconomic Factors After Controlling for Residential Self-Selection

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