2016
DOI: 10.3758/s13423-016-1002-0
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Abstract: Psychology moved beyond the stimulus response mapping of behaviorism by adopting an information processing framework. This shift from behavioral to cognitive science was partly inspired by work demonstrating that the concept of information could be defined and quantified (Shannon, 1948). This transition developed further from cognitive science into cognitive neuroscience, in an attempt to measure information in the brain. In the cognitive neurosciences, however, the term information is often used without a cle… Show more

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Cited by 122 publications
(96 citation statements)
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“…First, as is usual with fMRI alone, we do not yet have evidence that this region is causally engaged in the perception of social interactions. In particular, while MVPA presents a powerful tool for reading out neural patterns, such as those distinguishing helping vs. hindering, the fact that scientists can read out a certain kind of information from a given region does not necessarily mean that the rest of the brain is reading out that information from that region (45). Future studies might investigate this question with transcranial magnetic stimulation or studies of patients with brain damage.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…First, as is usual with fMRI alone, we do not yet have evidence that this region is causally engaged in the perception of social interactions. In particular, while MVPA presents a powerful tool for reading out neural patterns, such as those distinguishing helping vs. hindering, the fact that scientists can read out a certain kind of information from a given region does not necessarily mean that the rest of the brain is reading out that information from that region (45). Future studies might investigate this question with transcranial magnetic stimulation or studies of patients with brain damage.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, since these studies have focused almost exclusively on successful behaviour, it has been difficult to establish whether the decoded representations are actually meaningful for behaviour. Simply observing that patterns of activity differ between two conditions does not mean that this is 'information' that is available to other brain regions 15 , or 'read out' in behaviour (e.g. 16,17,18 ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…MVPA offers increased sensitivity through its ability to extract information from responses at multiple locations in space and time, and it can thus resolve differences in overlapping patterns that averaging‐based statistical analyses fail to detect (Norman, Polyn, Detre, & Haxby, 2006). At the minimum, successful decoding points to the availability of information at certain time points and sources, although it does not tell us how or if this information is used in neural computation (DeWit et al, 2016; Kriegeskorte et al, 2006). We thus focus on MVPA in the present study as a tool that can elucidate previous mixed results on the temporal dynamics of expression processing by examining pattern information that may not be present in averaged evoked responses.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%