Is low docosahexaenoic acid associated with disturbed rhythms and neurodevelopment in offsprings of diabetic mothers?

Zornoza-Moreno, Matilde; Fuentes-Hernández, Silvia; Carrion, Vivien; Alcantara-Lopez, Maria V; Madrid, Juan Antonio; Lopez-Soler, Concepción; Sánchez-Solís, Manuel Rolandi; Larqué, Elvira

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.104

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Our finding of decreased DHA transport through trophoblasts exposed to GDM conditions indicates that IR can directly compromise the ability of trophoblasts to transport DHA through them. These findings corroborate previous reports relating to reduced DHA transport in placentas from women with GDM [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Elevated Glucose and Insulin Levels Decrease DHA Transfer across Human Trophoblasts via SIRT1-Dependent Mechanism

et al. 2020

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) results in reduced docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) transfer to the fetus, likely due to placental dysfunction. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) is a nutrient sensor and regulator of lipid metabolism. This study investigated whether the high glucose and insulin condition of GDM regulates DHA transfer and expression of fatty acid transporters and if this effect is related to SIRT1 expression and function. Syncytialized primary human trophoblasts were treated with and without glucose (25 mmol/L) and insulin (10−7 mol/L) for 72 h to mimic the insulin-resistance conditions of GDM pregnancies. In control conditions, DHA transfer across trophoblasts increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Exposure to GDM conditions significantly decreased DHA transfer, but increased triglyceride accumulation and fatty acid transporter expression (CD36, FABP3, and FABP4). GDM conditions significantly suppressed SIRT1 mRNA and protein expression. The SIRT1 inhibitor decreased DHA transfer across control trophoblasts, and recombinant SIRT1 and SIRT1 activators restored the decreased DHA transport induced by GDM conditions. The results demonstrate a novel role of SIRT1 in the regulation of DHA transfer across trophoblasts. The suppressed SIRT1 expression and the resultant decrease in placental DHA transfer caused by high glucose and insulin levels suggest new insights of molecular mechanisms linking GDM to fetal DHA deficiency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Seven out of nine case-controlled studies show that cord blood levels of DHA are lower in GDM pregnancies than in non-diabetic pregnancies [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Specifically, maternal DHA levels are found to be 11-44% higher in GDM, while cord blood levels are lower compared to non-diabetic pregnancies [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Elevated Glucose and Insulin Levels Decrease DHA Transfer across Human Trophoblasts via SIRT1-Dependent Mechanism

et al. 2020

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“…Observational studies also confirm a reduction of DHA in cord blood of GDM (12,13). Lower DHA levels in cord blood of GDM were directly associated to the psychomotor score from Bayley's test and intraday variability rhythm of activity in children at 6 months of age (14). These data confirm a key role of this fatty acid in the neurodevelopment of these babies.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Child Head Circumference and Placental MFSD2a Expression Are Associated to the Level of MFSD2a in Maternal Blood During Pregnancy

et al. 2020

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“…GDM leads to adverse long-term effects including a higher risk of developing metabolic diseases in the mother and the child [57,58]. In addition to these adverse effects, the presence of diabetes during pregnancy is associated with impaired neurodevelopment [59,60,61,62,63,64]. Infants of mothers with GDM showed lower mental and psychomotor development indexes compared to infants of non-GDM mothers at 6 months of age [59].…”

Section: Gestational Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to these adverse effects, the presence of diabetes during pregnancy is associated with impaired neurodevelopment [59,60,61,62,63,64]. Infants of mothers with GDM showed lower mental and psychomotor development indexes compared to infants of non-GDM mothers at 6 months of age [59]. Similarly, children below 9 years of age, of mothers with GDM, had lower verbal IQ scores than children of non-GDM mothers [60].…”

Section: Gestational Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Omega-3 Nutrition, Placental Transfer and Fetal Brain Development in Gestational Diabetes and Preeclampsia

et al. 2019

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Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA), are widely recognized to impact fetal and infant neurodevelopment. The impact of DHA on brain development, and its inefficient synthesis from the essential alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), has led to recommended DHA intakes of 250–375 mg eicosapentaenoic acid + DHA/day for pregnant and lactating women by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Despite these recommendations, the intake of omega-3s in women of child-bearing age in the US remains very low. The low maternal status of DHA prior to pregnancy could impair fetal neurodevelopment. This review focuses on maternal omega-3 status in conditions of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia, and the subsequent impact on placental transfer and cord blood concentration of omega-3s. Both GDM and preeclampsia are associated with altered maternal omega-3 status, altered placental omega-3 metabolism, reduced cord blood omega-3 levels and have an impact on neurodevelopment in the infant and on brain health later in life. These findings indicate lower DHA exposure of the developing baby may be driven by lower placental transfer in both conditions. Thus, determining approaches which facilitate increased delivery of DHA during pregnancy and early development might positively impact brain development in infants born to mothers with these diseases.

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Is low docosahexaenoic acid associated with disturbed rhythms and neurodevelopment in offsprings of diabetic mothers?

Abstract: Lower DHA levels in cord plasma of ODMs could affect their neurodevelopment. Maternal DHA status was also associated with higher values in the sleep rhythm maturation parameters of children.

Cited by 29 publications

References 31 publications

Elevated Glucose and Insulin Levels Decrease DHA Transfer across Human Trophoblasts via SIRT1-Dependent Mechanism

Elevated Glucose and Insulin Levels Decrease DHA Transfer across Human Trophoblasts via SIRT1-Dependent Mechanism

Child Head Circumference and Placental MFSD2a Expression Are Associated to the Level of MFSD2a in Maternal Blood During Pregnancy

Maternal Omega-3 Nutrition, Placental Transfer and Fetal Brain Development in Gestational Diabetes and Preeclampsia

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