Is it possible to carry out high-quality epidemiological research in psychiatry with limited resources?

Rs, Murthy; Lakshminarayana, Rashmi

doi:10.1097/01.yco.0000179499.23311.f3

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…The findings of this study can be supported with other studies conducted in low and middle income countries. [ 11 29 30 31 32 ] However, the difference in prevalence rate based on rural and urban settings is not well supported in many Indian epidemiological studies,[ 23 25 33 ] except one, that estimated psychiatric morbidity in children and adolescents. [ 9 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National sample survey organization survey report: An estimation of prevalence of mental illness and its association with age in India

Lakhan

Ekúndayò

2015

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

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Background:The Indian population suffers with significant burden of mental illness. The prevalence rate and its association with age and other demographic indicators are needed for planning purpose.Objective:This study attempted to calculate age-wise prevalence of mental illness for rural and urban settings, and its association with age.Materials and Methods:Data published in National Sample Survey Organization (2002) report on disability is used for the analysis. Spearman correlation for strength of association, z-test for difference in prevalence, and regression statistics for predicting the prevalence rate of mental illness are used.Result:Overall population have 14.9/1000 prevalence of mental illness. It is higher in rural setting 17.1/1000 than urban 12.7/1000 (P < 0.001). There is a strong correlation found with age in rural (ϱ = 0.910, P = 0.001) and urban (ϱ = 0.940, P = 0.001).Conclusion:Results of this study confirm other epidemiological research in India. Large-population epidemiological studies are recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National sample survey organization survey report: An estimation of prevalence of mental illness and its association with age in India

Lakhan

Ekúndayò

2015

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice

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“…The Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was recommended by WHO as a simple and effective tool to screen for common mental health problems and psychological distress in community settings (Beusenberg and Orly, 1994). Featuring just 20 questions (with answers yes or no, scoring 1 or 0), it has been extensively used for psychiatric case-finding and epidemiological research, particularly in countries with poor health or research infrastructure (Murthy and Lakshminarayana, 2005). The SRQ-20 has been used to appraise levels of social adversity for Afghan women in refugee camps (Rahman and Hafeez, 2003), mental distress in urban Pakistan (Rahman et al, 2004) and chronic depression in a population-based sample of women in rural Pakistan (Husain et al, 2004).…”

Section: Qualitative Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social stressors, mental health, and physiological stress in an urban elite of young Afghans in Kabul

Panter‐Brick

Eggerman

Mojadidi³

et al. 2008

American J Hum Biol

103

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Afghanistan provides a unique setting in which to appraise psychosocial stress, given the context of persistent insecurity and widening economic inequality. In Kabul, people experience widespread frustrations, hinging on restricted opportunities for social advancement, education, and employment. We appraised social aspirations, every-day stressors, psychosocial distress, and mental health problems for a random sample of 161 male and female students at Kabul University. The survey featured both existing and newly-developed instruments (Self-Reported Questionnaire SRQ-20; Afghan Symptom Checklist; Afghan Daily Stressor Scale; and Social Aspirations and Frustrations), implementing both internationally-used and culturally-grounded measures of mental health assessment. We also included indicators of physical health (blood pressure, immune responses to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), C-reactive protein, and body mass index), to map physiological function with reported psychosocial distress. This young, urban elite expressed major feelings of frustrations, related to physical, economic, social, and political stressors of day-to-day life in Kabul. There were striking gender differences for psychosocial and physiological markers of wellbeing; specifically, women showed poorer mental health (SRQ-20, P = 0.01) and elevated EBV antibody titers (P = 0.003). Both diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.018) and EBV (P = 0.038) were associated with a subscale of family stressors among women, but not among men, consistent with women's social vulnerabilities to stressful family dynamics. This is the first study to integrate approaches from anthropology, cross-cultural psychiatry, and human biology to document social stressors, psychosocial distress, and physiological wellbeing in the challenging setting of present-day Afghanistan.

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“…However, there is need for greater attention to the development of epidemiological assessment tools to suit local conditions [5]. Research tools and methods should not be imported from one country to another without careful analysis of the influence and effect of cultural factors on their reliability and validity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergent validity of K-SADS-PL by comparison with CBCL in a Portuguese speaking outpatient population

Brasil

Bordin

2010

BMC Psychiatry

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BackgroundDifferent diagnostic interviews in child and adolescent psychiatry have been developed in English but valid translations of instruments to other languages are still scarce especially in developing countries, limiting the comparison of child mental health data across different cultures. The present study aims to examine the convergent validity of the Brazilian version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children/Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) by comparison with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), a parental screening measure for child/adolescent emotional/behavior problems.MethodsAn experienced child psychiatrist blind to CBCL results applied the K-SADS-PL to a consecutive sample of 78 children (6-14 years) referred to a public child mental health outpatient clinic (response rate = 75%). Three K-SADS-PL parameters were considered regarding current disorders: parent screen interview rates, clinician summary screen interview rates, and final DSM-IV diagnoses. Subjects were classified according to the presence/absence of any affective/anxiety disorder, any disruptive disorder, and any psychiatric disorder based on K-SADS-PL results. All subjects obtained T-scores on CBCL scales (internalizing, externalizing, total problems).ResultsSignificant differences in CBCL mean T-scores were observed between disordered and non-disordered children. Compared to children who screened negative, children positive for any affective/anxiety disorder, any disruptive disorder, and any psychiatric disorder had a higher internalizing, externalizing and total problem T-score mean, respectively. Highly significant differences in T-score means were also found when examining final diagnoses, except for any affective/anxiety disorder.ConclusionsEvidence of convergent validity was found when comparing K-SADS-PL results with CBCL data.

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Is it possible to carry out high-quality epidemiological research in psychiatry with limited resources?

Cited by 4 publications

References 73 publications

National sample survey organization survey report: An estimation of prevalence of mental illness and its association with age in India

National sample survey organization survey report: An estimation of prevalence of mental illness and its association with age in India

Social stressors, mental health, and physiological stress in an urban elite of young Afghans in Kabul

Convergent validity of K-SADS-PL by comparison with CBCL in a Portuguese speaking outpatient population

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