Is IFN expression by NK cells a hallmark of severe COVID-19?

Csordas, Bárbara Guimarães; Palmeira, Pedro Henrique de Sousa; Peixoto, Rephany Fonseca; Santos, Fernando Cézar Comberlang Queiroz Davis dos; Medeiros, Isac Almeida de; Azevedo, Fátima de Lourdes Assunção Araújo de; Veras, Robson Cavalcante; Janebro, Daniele Idalino; Amaral, Ian P.G.; Barbosa-Filho, José Maria; Keesen, Tatjana Souza Lima

doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155971

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 43 publications

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“…Interestingly, total counts of B cells (CD3-CD19+) and NK cells (CD3-/CD16+CD56+) also increased by the booster vaccine in this study. One study reported that CD3-CD56+ NK cells frequency in the volunteers who recovered from mild COVID-19 (Mild CoV) presented a significant increase compared to the healthy control (HC) and individuals recovering from severe COVID-19 (Severe CoV) groups, indicating an essential role of NK cells in the process of SARS-CoV-2 control ( 36 ). However, protection value of NK cells elicited by vaccines and underlying mechanisms should be further elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of CoronaVac on the neutralization breadth and magnitude of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 viruses

et al. 2022

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Although immune response enhancement has been reported after primary and booster vaccines of CoronaVac, neutralization breadth of SARS-CoV-2 variants is still unclear. In the present study, we examined the neutralization magnitude and breadth of SARS-CoV-2 variants including Beta (B.1.351), Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529) in 33 convalescent COVID-19 patients and a cohort of 55 medical staff receiving primary CoronaVac vaccines and an additional homologous booster dose. Results showed that, as compared with the two-dose primary vaccination, the homologous booster dose achieved 2.24-, 3.98-, 4.58- and 2.90-fold increase in neutralization titer against wild-type, Beta, Delta, and Omicron, respectively. After booster dose, neutralization titer reduction for variants was less than that after the primary vaccine or that for convalescents. The proportion of recipients able to neutralize 2 or more variants increased from 36.36% post the primary vaccination to 87.27% after the booster. Significant increase in neutralization breadth of 1.24 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.89–1.59) variants was associated with a log10 increase in neutralization titer against the wild-type. In addition, anti-RBD IgG level was identified as an excellent surrogate for positive neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 and neutralization breadth of variants. These findings highlight the value of an additional homologous CoronaVac dose in broadening the cross-neutralization against SARS-CoV-2 variants, and are critical for informing the booster dose vaccination efforts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of CoronaVac on the neutralization breadth and magnitude of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 viruses

et al. 2022

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COVID-19 vaccination: Effects of immunodominant peptides of SARS-CoV-2

Andrade,

Comberlang,

Cavalcante-Silva

et al. 2023

Cytokine

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Guardians of immunity: NK cell-mediated defense in COVID-19 and post-COVID scenarios

Petrov,

Taskov,

Murdjeva

2024

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The COVID-19 pandemic has left a lasting impact on global health, challenging communities, healthcare systems, and researchers worldwide. As we navigate this unprecedented crisis, this paper embarks on a multifaceted exploration of the pivotal role played by natural killer (NK) cells in the context of COVID-19. A significant portion of this paper is devoted to dissecting the nuanced role that NK cells assume in the context of COVID-19. From the initial acute infection to post-recovery immunity, NK cells emerge as critical players. We scrutinize the activation and dysregulation of NK cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection, shedding light on their potential contribution to disease severity. Moreover, we explore the fascinating landscape of post-COVID immunity, where NK cells are known to interact with adaptive immune responses, providing a foundation for long-term protection. In light of their central role, we investigate therapeutic strategies targeting NK cells in COVID-19 management, presenting an overview of current research efforts and their promise in mitigating disease progression. Lastly, we draw attention to research gaps, emphasizing the need for further investigation into NK cell dynamics during COVID-19. These gaps represent opportunities for advancing our understanding of NK cell biology and, by extension, enhancing our strategies for combating this global health crisis. This comprehensive exploration not only highlights the intricate interplay between NK cells and the COVID-19 pandemic but also underscores the importance of these innate immune warriors in shaping both the acute response and long-term immunity, ultimately contributing to the broader discourse surrounding the pandemic’s pathophysiology and therapeutic approaches.

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Is IFN expression by NK cells a hallmark of severe COVID-19?

Cited by 3 publications

References 43 publications

The impact of CoronaVac on the neutralization breadth and magnitude of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 viruses

The impact of CoronaVac on the neutralization breadth and magnitude of the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 viruses

COVID-19 vaccination: Effects of immunodominant peptides of SARS-CoV-2

Guardians of immunity: NK cell-mediated defense in COVID-19 and post-COVID scenarios

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