Is Chitosan the Promising Candidate for Filler in Nature-Friendly Electrorheological Fluids?

Abstract

In this study, an electrorheological effect of the suspensions containing porous chitosan particles in olive oil in a wide range of electric fields is reported. Porous chitosan particles were produced by freeze-drying. The structure of the filler was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray scattering. Electrorheological behavior of low-filled fluids (0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 wt %) was studied in shear and oscillation modes. Rheological data were fitted by Bingham, Cho–Choi–Jhon, and Seo–Seo models. Conductivity measurements were carried out to characterize the electrophysical properties of studied fluids. Polarization processes were considered from the standpoint of the Cole–Cole equation. Natural biodegradable materials such as chitosan and olive oil were used as components. The fluids showed high response to electric field and stable cyclic operation in on/off mode at extremely low concentrations. The yield stress reaches about 100 Pa for a 1 wt % suspension under an electric field of just 1 kV/mm. The sedimentation stability of the samples dramatically increases when the percolation threshold is passed. The sedimentation ratio at 1 wt % of the filler content remains at the level of 90% after almost a month. Thus, suspensions were considered as an alternative to typical silicon oil-based electrorheological fluids.

Transformation of Cellulose via Two-Step Carbonization to Conducting Carbonaceous Particles and Their Outstanding Electrorheological Performance

“…One of the proposed applications for cellulose particles is their utilization as a dispersed phase in electrorheological (ER) fluids [8][9][10], which are systems whose rheological behavior can be controlled via applied external electric fields [11]. While, in the absence of an electric field, electrically polarizable particles are randomly dispersed in continuous non-conducting medium and the fluid exhibits Newtonian behavior, in its presence, particles align to its direction creating rigid chain-like structures [12].…”

Enhanced response of titanium doped iron(ii) oxalate under electric field

“…Then, Hao et al 9,10 successfully made an MoS 2 @SiO 2 -based ER fluid and an H 2 Ti 2 O 5 @MoS 2 @SiO 2 -based ER fluid in 2021. Kuznetsov et al 11,12 made a new ER fluid based on chitosan particles in 2021. Meanwhile, Dhar et al 13 used agarose to make an organic colloidal ER fluid, and Meng et al 14 successfully made ionic liquid-crystalline polysiloxane-based ER fluids.…”

Porous chitosan particles doped by in situ formed silver nanoparticles: Electrorheological response in silicon oil

“…47 The natural oils and fillers allow to create completely eco-friendly ERFs, [48][49][50] so polysaccharides are promising candidates from this point of view as well. 51,52 One of the ways to increase the electrorheological response is to change the electrophysical characteristics of the filler with surface modification or doping. [53][54][55] Several studies have shown that the incorporation of small inclusions into the structure of the filler leads to a change in the polarizability of the particles and optimization of the relaxation time, which significantly enhance the electrorheological response of fluids.…”

“…Moreover, such fluids show stable response in a wide temperature range which is of great importance for real practical application 47 . The natural oils and fillers allow to create completely eco‐friendly ERFs, 48–50 so polysaccharides are promising candidates from this point of view as well 51,52 …”