IRON PIPE corrosion IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS

Abstract

This literature review summarizes the results of 100 years of corrosion studies, citing information from almost 300 peer‐reviewed articles to provide the water industry with an updated understanding of factors that influence the complex process of iron pipe corrosion. These factors include water quality and composition, disinfectant residuals, pipe age, scale formation, temperature, flow conditions, biological activity, and corrosion inhibitors. The authors review the reported role of these factors and highlight discrepancies in the literature. The article also discusses corrosion indexes that are intended to help control corrosion. In particular, it reiterates conclusions of prior studies regarding the Langelier index. Although this index continues to be widely used, it does not provide an effective means of controlling iron corrosion. Finally, a review of potential implications of existing and upcoming regulations, including the Lead and Copper Rule, the Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule, and the Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule, for iron corrosion is also presented.

Characteristics of corrosion sales and biofilm in aged pipe distribution systems with switching water source

“…Alkalinity, pH, chloride, and sulfate are the primary waterquality parameters affecting iron corrosion [2,3]. High concentrations of anions, particularly sulfate ions, have been recognized as a causative agent of red water in many situations and this is reflected by high values on indices such as the Larson-Skold index (LI) [4].…”

Characterization of biofilm and corrosion of cast iron pipes in drinking water distribution system with UV/Cl2 disinfection

“…Iron and steel pipes have been used in water distribution systems for several centuries throughout the world, and are subjected to corrosion, causing deterioration of potable water quality due to unwanted chemical and biochemical reactions (McNeill and Edwards, 2001; Husband and Boxall, 2011). In the corrosion processes of iron pipes, iron ions were released into distributed water, and can re-precipitate forming corrosion scales, also referred to as tubercles (Gerke et al, 2008).…”

Su boru hatlarında sızıntı konum tespiti için genişletilmiş kalman filtresi tabanlı IMU sensör füzyonu uygulaması

“…Dağıtım sistemindeki kayıplar sızıntı temelli olup borularda korozyon, aşırı şebeke basıncı, malzeme üretimindeki kusurlar ve kurulum hatalarından kaynaklanan gerçek kayıplardır. Tüketici tesisatındaki kayıplar ise şebeke sızıntılarının yanı sıra kaçak su kullanımı, sayacın hatalı okunması, hileli sayaç kullanımı gibi gelire dönüşemeyen görünür kayıplardır [3]. Gerçek kayıplar ve görünür kayıpların toplamı Uluslararası Su Birliği (IWA) tarafından "gelir getirmeyen kayıplar" olarak adlandırılmaktadır [4].…”