IRAN National Cancer Control Program (IrNCCP): Goals, Strategies, and Programs

Motlagh, Ali; Ehsani‐Chimeh, Elham; Yamrali, Maisa; Moshiri, Farzaneh; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Partovipour, Elham; Salavati, Freshteh; Khoshabi, Mostafa; Tavakoli, Nadia; Asgari, Freshteh; Raisi, Alireza; Malekzadeh, Reza; Mahdavi-Hezaveh, Alireza; Heidari, Kamal; Etemad, Koorosh; Ostovar, Afshin

doi:10.47176/mjiri.36.169

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Of course, it should be noted that decision-makers in low-and middle-income countries cannot get comparable breast cancer control strategies as actualized in high-income countries since most lowand middle-income countries depend on much smaller budgets (36,37). Iran's National Cancer Control Program has 4 main components, including prevention, early detection, diagnosis and treatment, and supportive and palliative care (38). The correct implementation of these components can greatly help in the cost reduction of patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Out-of-Pocket Payments Among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer

Parnian,

Aboutorabi,

Mohseni

et al. 2023

Int J Cancer Manag

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Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer among Iranian women with more than 10 000 cases per year. Objectives: This study aimed at determining out-of-pocket (OOP) payments among women with breast cancer at health care centers affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional and applied study was done among 336 women with breast cancer referring to hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences. The data on inpatient expenses were obtained from the cost bills and the outpatient was collected, using a researcher-made questionnaire. Finally, the data were analyzed, using SPSS V2 software. Results: The average monthly OOP payment for direct hospitalization costs in inpatient breast cancer patients was estimated 146 ± 47.98 dollars and the average OOP payment for direct costs of treatment in outpatients was 69 ± 102.99 dollars, and the average OOP payment for non-medical direct cost per month 34.88 ± 31.12 dollars. The results of this study showed the average OOP payment included drug costs with the rate of 37.99 ± 45.31 dollars imposed the highest medical direct costs. Among the non-medical direct costs of OOP payment for transportation, the average of 30.65 ± 103.23 dollars imposed the highest OOP payment on breast cancer patients. Conclusions: These findings show that individuals with breast cancer endure high OOP payments that could adversely affect their quality of life; hence, decision-makers should pay more attention to implementing proper policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Out-of-Pocket Payments Among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer

Parnian,

Aboutorabi,

Mohseni

et al. 2023

Int J Cancer Manag

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Breast cancer screening and early detection programs in Iran: A health policy analysis and recommendations

Dolatshahi,

Dehkordi,

Gorji

et al. 2024

World Med & Health Policy

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Screening and early detection programs for breast cancer (BC) have significantly reduced mortality rates and enhanced survival rates globally. Breast cancer screening programs in low‐ and middle‐income countries like Iran need improvement. This study examines Iran's breast cancer screening and early detection (BCSED) policies, employing the Policy Triangle Model in two phases: a review of 27 documents including various related sources related of policies and strategies, followed by 20 semi‐structured interviews across four distinct levels: policy, regional, clinical, and community levels. Content analysis for documents and MAXQDA2020 software for the second phase were used, and findings integrated. In our analysis of 27 national documents and 20 interviews, we found 10 themes, 19 sub‐themes, and 42 specific codes across four dimensions of the mentioned framework. Main themes in the context dimension covered deficient interactions, deficiency in knowledge management, cultural challenges, and socioeconomic challenges. From the analysis of 27 national documents, we recognized service excellence schemes, personal health encouragement, and service levels. Policy formulation and monitoring and evaluation emerged as central themes for the process dimension, while stakeholder challenges were prominent in the actors' dimension. BCSED programs are multifactorial issues. Proposed strategies to address these issues include the dedicated funds for BC prevention programs, strengthening the Ministry of Health's stewardship role, elevating public awareness, and conducting systematic screening trials in select cities to provide valuable national evidence for future policymaking.

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Disparity in cognitive factors related to cancer screening uptake based on the theory of planned behavior

Mirzaei-Alavijeh,

Amini,

Moradinazar

et al. 2024

BMC Cancer

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Introduction Early detection of cancer is a highly effective way to decrease cancer-related deaths. The purpose of this study was to determine the disparity in cognitive factors related to cancer screening uptake based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Methods In this cross-sectional study, conducted in Kermanshah County, the west of Iran, during 2019, a total of 1760 people aged 30 to 75 years old, were randomly selected to participate voluntarily in the study. Participants filled out a questionnaire including the socio demographic variables, socioeconomic status (SES), TPB variables, and cancer screening uptake behaviors. Results The mean age of respondents was 45.28. 44.96% of the participants had undergone cancer screening at least once. Socioeconomic status (SES) and gender had the most significant impact on the disparity in cancer screening uptake, with contributions of 74.64% and 22.25% respectively. Women were 8.63 times more likely to be screened than men. Participants with a family history of cancer had a 2.84 times higher chance of being screened. Single individuals were significantly less likely to be screened compared to married individuals. The concentration index for attitude, subjective norms (SN), perceived behavior control (PBC), behavior intention, and cancer screening uptake was 0.0735, 0.113, 0.333, 0.067, and 0.132 respectively. Intention (Beta = 0.225 and P: < 0.001) is a significant predictor of cancer screening behaviors. Conclusion The findings of this study are highly valuable for health policymakers in Iran. They emphasize the significance of creating, executing, and assessing campaigns that promote intention, PBC and SN, particularly among disadvantaged individuals. By doing so, we can effectively decrease the disparity in cancer screening rates. It is crucial to prioritize men, single individuals, and disadvantaged groups in cancer screening promotion programs. This knowledge can be utilized to develop an intervention that is guided by theory and supported by evidence, with the aim of increasing cancer screening rates and minimizing disparities.

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IRAN National Cancer Control Program (IrNCCP): Goals, Strategies, and Programs

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Estimating Out-of-Pocket Payments Among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer

Estimating Out-of-Pocket Payments Among Iranian Women with Breast Cancer

Breast cancer screening and early detection programs in Iran: A health policy analysis and recommendations

Disparity in cognitive factors related to cancer screening uptake based on the theory of planned behavior

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