Ionically Crosslinked Chitosan Membranes Used as Drug Carriers for Cancer Therapy Application

Abstract

The aim of this paper was to prepare, by the freeze-drying method, ionically crosslinked chitosan membranes with different contents of pentasodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and loaded with 1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ14) drug, in order to evaluate how the physical crosslinking affects NQ14 release from chitosan membranes for cancer therapy application. The membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swelling degree, and through in vitro drug release and cytotoxicity studies. According to the results, the molecular structure, porosity and hydrophilicity of the chitosan membranes were affected by TPP concentration and, consequently, the NQ14 drug release behavior from the membranes was also affected. The release of NQ14 from crosslinked chitosan membranes decreased when the cross-linker TPP quantity increased. Thus, depending on the TPP amount, the crosslinked chitosan membranes would be a potential delivery system to control the release of NQ14 for cancer therapy application. Lastly, the inhibitory potential of chitosan membranes ionically crosslinked with TPP and loaded with NQ14 against the B16F10 melanoma cell line was confirmed through in vitro cytotoxicity studies assessed via MTT assay. The anti-proliferative effect of prepared membranes was directly related to the amount of cross-linker and among all membranes prepared, such that one crosslinked with 0.3% of TPP may become a potential delivery system for releasing NQ14 drug for cancer therapy.

The Impact of the Ionic Cross-Linking Mode on the Physical and In Vitro Dexamethasone Release Properties of Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite Beads

“…This could be attributed to the higher ionic crosslink density within the beads fabricated in the coagulation solution at pH = 6.0. This is consistent with previous reports [20][21][22][23]. In addition, the diameter and sphericity of the beads prepared in coagulation solution at pH = 6.0 (Table 1) have not changed statistically with the incorporation of HA, DEX, and the blend HA/DEX.…”

“…Molecules 2019, 24, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 20 competitively react with the -NH3 + of chitosan by ionic crosslinking and deprotonation, respectively [22,23,[36][37][38]. Therefore, the ionic crosslinking density of chitosan beads prepared at pH = 6.0 can be higher than at pH = 9.0.…”

Preparation and Characterization of TPP-Chitosan Crosslinked Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

“…bands can be observed: a broad absorption between 3500 and 3000 cm −1 , corresponding to -OH and -NH stretching frequencies; the C-H stretching in the range 2920-2875 cm −1 ; the C = O stretching of acetylate groups (amide I) at 1650 cm −1 ; the N-H bending of primary amine at 1560 cm −1 ; absorptions due to the pyranose ring in the range 1150-1000 cm −1 , particularly the C-O-C and C-O-H stretching at 895 cm −1 [29]. As for TPP, it is possible to observe the absorption bands at 1211 cm −1 , relative to the P = O stretching, at 1130 cm −1 attributed to the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching of the -PO2 group, at 1090 cm −1 attributed to the symmetric and antisymmetric stretching of the PO3 group and at 881 cm −1 attributed to the antisymmetric stretching of the P-O-P bond [30,31]. By comparing the CS_TPP scaffold spectra with that of the pristine CS, several variations can be noted as a result of the cross-linking reaction.…”

Homalomena pineodora essential oil nanoparticle inhibits diabetic wound pathogens

“…For ChNP, the stretching of amide I and amide II was shifted to 1630 and 1534 cm −1 , respectively. The absorption at 1211 cm −1 was attributed to P = O, which crosslinked between the phosphoric groups of TPP and ammonium ions of the chitosan within the nanoparticles 17 . For Eo, several bands were observed at 2925 cm −1 , 2852 cm −1 (C-H stretching), 1704 cm −1 The crystal structures of chitosan, ChNP and EoNP and the XRD were elucidated (Fig.…”

“…www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ The in vitro release profile of essential oil from ChNPs was studied using phosphate buffer saline as medium at pH 5.5 as stage I ulcer has an acidic pH (pH 5.4-5.6) 9 . The initial burst release effect was possibly due to the essential oil molecules present on the surface of polymer by adsorption 17 . This is necessary to provide an appropriate initial amount of essential oil to combat the pathogens on wound.…”