Ionic Liquids for the Electric Double Layer Capacitor Applications

Sato, Takaya; Marukane, Shoko; Morinaga, Takashi

doi:10.5772/23412

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Demonstrating stable potentials, the Ag pseudoreference electrode was chosen to control the potential of the working electrode; also, it allowed to minimize the environmental effects on IL and was simple to fabricate. , We applied Ag and Au strips as pseudoreference and counter electrodes, respectively, which were deposited onto the quartz plate by a vacuum evaporation technique. Ionic liquid (IL) was chosen as an electrolyte due to its broad window of chemical stability. , We adopted two kinds of imidazolium-based ILs, N , N -diethyl- N -methyl- N -(2-methoxyethyl)ammonium tetrafluoroborate (DEME BF 4 ) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM PF 6 ), as shown in Figure b. The IL was put on the top of electrodes, and then the sample was covered with the second quartz plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersubband Plasmon Observation in Electrochemically Gated Carbon Nanotube Films

Satco

Kopylova

Fedorov

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Intersubband plasmon excited in heavily doped carbon nanotubes by the external electromagnetic field in the near-infrared range is known to be sensitive to both the nanotube diameter and Fermi level shift. This work provides experimental results on the intersubband plasmon frequency measured as a function of gating voltage in single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin films. We have explored SWCNTs with three mean diameters of 1.0, 1.4, and 2.0 nm being electrochemically gated in the ionic liquid. It is demonstrated that the plasmon frequency could be tuned in the range from 0.8 to 1.5 eV while the Fermi level was shifted up to 1.2 eV by using the electrochemical gating. Indeed, we have observed the theoretically predicted intersubband plasmon and discussed the influence of tubes bundling on the plasmon frequency shift with respect to the theoretical prediction for isolated SWCNTs. The increase of the bundle size red-shifts the plasmon frequency similar to the increase of the nanotube diameter.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersubband Plasmon Observation in Electrochemically Gated Carbon Nanotube Films

Satco

Kopylova

Fedorov

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…The anodic limit on GC electrodes seems to be limited to about +2.5 (vs Ag + /Ag). , [PYR 14 ][TFSI] on gold was shown to have anodic and cathodic stabilities of more than ± 3.5 V (vs Ag/Ag + ) . [DEME][BF 4 ] on platinum also showed limits larger than ± 3.5 V (vs Ag/Ag + ) …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sato et al. showed that on platinum electrodes, [DEME][BF 4 ] has about 0.5 V higher anodic limit than [DEME][TFSI] . They made the correct conclusion that BF 4 is more difficult to oxidize than TFSI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic Liquid Vapors in Vacuum: Possibility to Derive Anodic Stabilities from DFT and UPS

et al. 2021

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Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) investigations of several gas-phase ionic liquid (IL) ion pairs have been conducted. [EMIM][OTF], [PYR 14 ][OTF], [EMIM][DCA], [PYR 14 ]-[DCA], [PYR 14 ][TCM], [PYR 14 ][FSI], [PYR 14 ][PF 6 ], [S 222 ][TFSI], [P 4441 ][TFSI], and [EMMIM][TFSI] vapor UPS spectra are presented for the first time.The experimental low-binding-energy cutoff value (highest occupied molecular orbital, HOMO energy) of the ionic liquid ion pairs, which is of great interest, has been measured. Many studies use calculated gas-phase electronic properties to estimate the liquid-phase electrochemical stability. Hybrid density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been used to interpret the experimental data. The gas-phase photoelectron spectra in conjunction with the theoretical calculations are able to verify most HOMO energies and assign them to the cation or anion. The hybrid M06 functional is shown to offer a very good description of the ionic liquid electronic structure. In some cases, the excellent agreement between the UPS spectra and the M06 calculation validates the conformer found and constitutes as a first indirect experimental determination of ionic liquid ion-pair structure. Comparisons with recent theoretical studies are made, and implications for electrochemical applications are discussed. The new data provide a much-needed reference for future ab initio calculations and support the argument that modeling of IL cations and anions separately is incorrect.

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“…The electrochemical window, viscosity, conductivity, and hydrophobicity of ILs can be tuned by altering their molecular structures. One of the applications of ILs is as electrolyte solutions for electrochemical devices. − In the past decade, many researchers have investigated the electrochemical characteristics of ILs and the behaviors of IL/electrode interfaces. − Residual impurities are reported to influence the results and lead to their misinterpretation . Therefore, purity of ILs is recognized as critical for fundamental electrochemical studies of IL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Behavior of Halide Ions on the Au(111) Electrode Surface in Ionic Liquids Using Surface X-ray Scattering

Tamura

Nishihata

2016

J. Phys. Chem. C

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The behavior of halide ions on the Au(111) electrode surface in two ionic liquids (ILs), 1-buthyl-1-methylpyrrolidiniun bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([BMP]TFSA) and 1buthyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([BMIM]TFSA), was investigated by monitoring the structure of the electrode surface. The potential dependences of the Xray diffraction intensity, which originate from the Au( 111)-(1 × 1) structure and the surface normal structure, were measured simultaneously with cyclic voltammograms. We considered the effects of both ion concentration and ion species. The results revealed that halide ions are coadsorbed with IL molecules on the electrode surface and increase the mobility of surface atoms. By contrast, the Au(111) surface does not reconstruct to the (p × √3) structure, even in the IL containing 200 mM Br − . This suggests that the interaction between halide ions and surface Au atoms is weaker than that between IL molecules and surface Au atoms; that is, the surface properties are mainly governed by adsorbed IL molecules. Furthermore, a comparison of the two ILs revealed that the effect of halide ions on the structure of the Au(111) electrode surface depends on the strength of the interaction between IL molecules and surface Au atoms.

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Ionic Liquids for the Electric Double Layer Capacitor Applications

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Intersubband Plasmon Observation in Electrochemically Gated Carbon Nanotube Films

Intersubband Plasmon Observation in Electrochemically Gated Carbon Nanotube Films

Ionic Liquid Vapors in Vacuum: Possibility to Derive Anodic Stabilities from DFT and UPS

Study on the Behavior of Halide Ions on the Au(111) Electrode Surface in Ionic Liquids Using Surface X-ray Scattering

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