Ion Acceleration by Collisionless Shocks in High-Intensity-Laser–Underdense-Plasma Interaction

Wei, M. S.; Mangles, S. P. D.; Najmudin, Z.; Walton, B.; Gopal, A.; Tatarakis, M.; Dangor, A. E.; Clark, Ε. L.; Evans, R. G.; Fritzler, S.; Clarke, R. J.; Hernandez‐Gomez, C.; Neely, D.; Mori, W. B.; Tzoufras, M.; Krushelnick, K.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.93.155003

Cited by 139 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In 2000s, experiments on ion acceleration in the radial direction to the incident high-intensity laser beam by a radial collisionless ES shock in an underdense plasma have been reported [71][72][73]. Nilson et al have reported the experimental generation of high Mach-number ES shock in an underdense plasma with a high-intensity laser beam [74], with an experimental condition similar to that in [72].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Collisionless electrostatic shock generation using high-energy laser systems

Sakawa

Morita

Kuramitsu

et al. 2016

Advances in Physics: X

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Collisionless shock is ubiquitous in space and astrophysical plasmas, and is believed to be a source of cosmic rays. In this review article, historical achievements of three different types of collisionless shocks, i.e. magnetohydrodynamic, electromagnetic, and electrostatic (ES) shocks, in theory/simulation, observation in space and astrophysical plasmas, and laboratory experiments are shown. An overview is given on recent progress of collisionless ES shock experiments using high-energy laser systems for two schemes. One is an interaction between laser-produced highdensity ablating plasma and a low-density ambient plasma, and the other is an interaction between laser-ablated counterstreaming plasmas using double-plane target. For the former scheme, detailed measurements of structures of collisionless ES shock and ion-acoustic soliton, and the transition from double-layer to collisionless ES shock are conducted by proton radiography. For the latter scheme, optical diagnostics are used to observe global structures of plasmas and shocks; collective laser Thomson scattering method is applied to clarify local plasma parameters, such as electron and ion temperatures, flow velocity, and electron density; and proton radiography is employed to measure a shock electric field. The measured large density-jump, steepening of self-emission profile, plasma parameters in the upand down-stream regions of a shock, and the narrow width of the shock electric field compared with the ion-ion Coulomb meanfree-path reveal the evidence for the formation of collisionless ES shock. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Collisionless electrostatic shock generation using high-energy laser systems

Sakawa

Morita

Kuramitsu

et al. 2016

Advances in Physics: X

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“…The acceleration of electrons in the interaction of a high-intensity laser beam with plasma may have important applications in various domains such as laser particle acceleration, ion acceleration for fusion action, and the generation of intense and short-duration cray sources for radiography [4][5][6]. Furthermore, the interaction of an ultra short high-intensity laser pulse with plasma without external dc magnetic field has been studied extensively [7][8][9][10][11]. When an external magnetic field is applied to the plasma, it is a medium capable to convert different initial energies to tunable coherent radiations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of external magnetic field on the density distributions and electromagnetic fields in the interaction of high-intensity short laser pulse with collisionless underdense plasma

2015

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Laser absorption in the interaction between ultra-intense femtosecond laser and solid density plasma is studied theoretically here in the intensity range Ik 2 ' 10 14 À10 16 W cm À2 lm 2 . The collisionless effect is found to be significant when the incident laser intensity is less than 10 16 W cm À2 lm 2 . In the current work, the propagation of a high-frequency electromagnetic wave, for underdense collisionless plasma in the presence of an external magnetic field is investigated. When a constant magnetic field parallel to the laser pulse propagation direction is applied, the electrons rotate along the magnetic field lines and generate the electromagnetic part in the wake with a nonzero group velocity. Here, by considering the ponderomotive force in attendance of the external magnetic field and assuming the isothermal collisionless plasma, the nonlinear permittivity of the plasma medium is obtained and the equation of electromagnetic wave propagation in plasma is solved. Here, by considering the effect of the ponderomotive force in isothermal collisionless magnetized plasma, it is shown that by increasing the laser pulse intensity, the electrons density profile leads to steepening and the electron bunches of plasma become narrower. Moreover, it is found that the wavelength of electric and magnetic field oscillations increases by increasing the external magnetic field and the density distribution of electrons also grows in comparison to the unmagnetized collisionless plasma.

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“…In intense laser interaction with solid targets, several schemes for realizing highly energetic ion bunches have been proposed and demonstrated. These include target normal sheath acceleration ͑TNSA͒, 1-5 collisionless electrostatic shock acceleration, [6][7][8] breakout afterburner acceleration, 9,10 radiation pressure acceleration ͑RPA͒, [11][12][13] etc. Besides of basic physical interest, laser-driven ion bunches can be useful in many novel applications, including ion-beam tumor therapy, 14 proton imaging, 15 injectors for standard accelerators, 16 ion-beam ignition in inertial confinement fusion, 17 etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-energy monoenergetic protons from multistaged acceleration of thin double-layer target by circularly polarized laser

Zhang

Sheng

et al. 2011

Physics of Plasmas

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Multistaged acceleration of solid-density thin foils by ultraintense circularly polarized laser pulse is investigated. A stable radiation pressure acceleration (RPA) stage is first established. Higher dimensional effects such as transverse instabilities and enhanced electron heating then gradually make the initially opaque foil transparent to the laser light. Accordingly, the dominant acceleration mechanism changes smoothly from RPA to target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA). The transition can therefore enhance the maximum energy of the accelerated ions but broaden their energy spectrum. For a double-layer target, however, the light ions (protons) in the backlayer can be efficiently accelerated in the RPA and TNSA regimes nearly monoenergetically. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that with this scheme a circularly polarized laser pulse of peak intensity 3.9×1022 W/cm2 can produce a collimated proton bunch that persists for many Rayleigh lengths and its peak energy can reach 4.2 GeV with FWHM of 200 MeV.

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Ion Acceleration by Collisionless Shocks in High-Intensity-Laser–Underdense-Plasma Interaction

Cited by 139 publications

References 17 publications

Collisionless electrostatic shock generation using high-energy laser systems

Collisionless electrostatic shock generation using high-energy laser systems

The effect of external magnetic field on the density distributions and electromagnetic fields in the interaction of high-intensity short laser pulse with collisionless underdense plasma

High-energy monoenergetic protons from multistaged acceleration of thin double-layer target by circularly polarized laser

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