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Cited by 25 publications
(19 citation statements)
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References 24 publications
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“…44,45 We show that a reduction in spinal norepinephrine results in long term increases in spinal glial activation following peripheral nerve injury, similar to previous studies in our lab that examined earlier time points. 27 Consistent with our findings, noradrenergic receptor agonists have been shown to inhibit glial activation in vivo in rodent neuropathic pain models 46,47 and in vitro in spinal microglia 48 and astrocyte cultures 49 . Enhanced glial activation after injury likely results from increased primary afferent release of stimulating factors ( e.g.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…44,45 We show that a reduction in spinal norepinephrine results in long term increases in spinal glial activation following peripheral nerve injury, similar to previous studies in our lab that examined earlier time points. 27 Consistent with our findings, noradrenergic receptor agonists have been shown to inhibit glial activation in vivo in rodent neuropathic pain models 46,47 and in vitro in spinal microglia 48 and astrocyte cultures 49 . Enhanced glial activation after injury likely results from increased primary afferent release of stimulating factors ( e.g.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 88%
“…There are three highly homologous subtypes of the α 2 -adrenoceptor: α 2 A, α 2 B, and α 2 C. Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α 2 -adrenoceptor agonist, has been used for conscious sedation and as an adjunct for clinical anesthesia [8910]. In animal experiments, dexmedetomidine has been shown to produce analgesic effects in models of neuropathic pain, but the mechanisms underlying these effects remain largely unknown [111213]. …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, P2X7 receptors are involved in regulating microglial activation via the release of cytokines [19]. Recently, spinal microglia were shown to be involved in the anti-nociceptive effect of dexmedetomidine in rats subjected to chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve (CCI) [12]. However, no study has examined the effects of dexmedetomidine on P2X7R activation and the related analgesic effects.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, accumulating evidence suggests that glial cells also play an important role in the initiation and maintenance of chronic pain. [1][2][3] Robust activation of spinal glia, especially microglia and astrocytes, has been observed in various models of neuropathic pain. 1 2 w3-w9 Activated glia release proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which facilitate pain transmission.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%