Involvement of oxidative stress in tri-<i>ortho</i>–cresyl phosphate-induced liver injury in male mice

Xu, Li; Long, CY; Jl, Wang; Yu, Mei; Chen, JX

doi:10.1177/0960327115621363

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Recently, research on the TOCP toxicity in females reproductive tract lesions including an increase in the number of absorbed embryos and a reduction in the number of offspring vitality is mounting . However, whether it is associated with alteration of placental development remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP)‐induced reproductive toxicity involved in placental apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress in pregnant mice

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Environmental Toxicology

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Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) has been widely used as plasticizers, and reported causing reproductive toxicity in mammals. However, little is known about the toxic effect on the placenta. In this study, dams were orally administered different doses of TOCP to explore the effect of TOCP on placental development. Results showed that TOCP exposure significantly reduced numbers of implanted embryo, caused atrophy and collapse of ectoplacental cone, and decreased total areas of placenta and numbers of PCNA-positive cells. Expression levels of placental development genes were prominently downregulated in the TOCP-treated groups. Moreover, TOCP administration induced placental apoptosis and autophagy by upregulating P53, Bax, Beclin-1, ratio of LC3 II/LC3 I and Atg5 and downregulating Bcl-2 protein.In addition, TOCP exposure markedly inhibited activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase and increased the production of H 2 O 2 and malondialdehyde. Collectively, these findings suggest that apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress may be involved in the TOCP-induced reproductive toxicity. K E Y W O R D S apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress, placenta, toxicity, tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate 1 | INTRODUCTION Tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) is the important one of three isomer of tricresyl phosphate (including o-, m-, and p-cresyl). 1 As a plasticizer and organophosphates (OPs) compound, it is widely used in plastics, paint, flame retardant, gasoline additives, solvents, lubricants, and so on. 2,3 In 1930, lots of cases of paralysis were reported in the United States of America due to eating the extract of Jamaica ("jake") contaminated with TOCP, which can produce a delayed neurodegenerative syndrome called OP-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) in human beings and sensitive species. 4,5 Since then, similar symptoms have also occurred in other parts of the world. 6,7 OPIDN is characterized by distal axonal lesions, ataxia, and neuronal degeneration in the spinal cord andthe peripheral nervous systems. 6,8,9 Apart from neurotoxicity, it has been found that TOCP exposure can induce the reproductive toxicology. 1,10 Studies 11,12 have demonstrated that TOCP treatment for 5 or 63 days decreased the motility and density of cauda epididymal sperm and inhibited testicular enzymes activity in a dose-dependent manner and changed sperm morphology in male rats. Chen et al 1,13 found that TOCP suppressed the viability and proliferation of rat spermatogonial stem cells by inducing cell autophagy or inhibiting the neuropathy target esterase.Incubations with TOCP for 48 hours significantly decreased the viability and testosterone secretion of mouse Leydig TM3 cells via the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP)‐induced reproductive toxicity involved in placental apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress in pregnant mice

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Environmental Toxicology

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“…Thousands of people have suffered delayed neuropathy caused by TOCP‐contaminated food or beverages in the United States, India, Morocco, and other countries . Apart from the neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, and liver toxicity, TOCP can also cause severe damage to mouse male reproductive system irreversibly, in which TOCP exposure decreases the sperm density in the epididymis and inhibits viability of spermatogonial stem cells and mouse Leydig TM3 cells . TOCP is also shown to cause ovarian failure .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxidative stress is shown to be induced by many chemicals and plays an important role in reproductive toxicity . It has been reported that oxidative stress is involved in TOCP‐induced liver damage and autophagy of mouse Leydig TM3 cells …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Oxidative stress is shown to be induced by many chemicals [15][16][17] and plays an important role in reproductive toxicity. 18 It has been reported that oxidative stress is involved in TOCP-induced liver damage 8 and autophagy of mouse Leydig TM3 cells. 10 Tea has been consumed in the world for thousands of years, and drinking tea is helpful to health and can even prevent some Si Yanga and Shuxin Shao contributed equally to this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tea polyphenols alleviate tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate‐induced autophagy of mouse ovarian granulosa cells

Yang

Shao

Huang

et al. 2019

Environmental Toxicology

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Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP), a widely used plasticizer in industry, can cause female reproductive damage. Tea polyphenols (TPs) have multiple health effects via inhibiting oxidative stress. However, the reproductive protection of TPs in TOCP‐induced female reproductive system damage is yet to be elucidated. In the study, TOCP inhibited cell viability and induced autophagy of mouse ovarian granulosa cells; while TPs could rescue the inhibition of viability and induction of autophagy. 3‐MA, an autophagy inhibitor, could also rescue the inhibition of cell viability. These results indicated that TPs played a protective role in TOCP‐induced autophagy. Furthermore, TPs could inhibit the induction of oxidative stress of the cells by TOCP, which implying that TPs might alleviate TOCP‐induced autophagy via inhibiting oxidative stress. Furthermore, TPs could rescue TOCP‐induced autophagy and oxidative stress in the mouse ovarian tissues. Taken together, these results indicated that TPs could protect TOCP‐induced ovarian damage via inhibiting oxidative stress.

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“…Chen et al () found that Tris(2‐chloroethyl) phosphate and triphenyl phosphate induced oxidative stress in male mice liver and affected the expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate exposure caused malondialdehyde accumulation as well as antioxidative enzymes SOD and GPX reduction in male mice liver (Xu et al ). Triphenyl phosphate and Tris(1,3‐dichloroisopropyl) phosphate induced oxidative stress in murine dendritic cells and increased antioxidant enzyme HO‐1 expression significantly (Canbaz et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tris(1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propyl) phosphate disturbs mouse embryonic development by inducing apoptosis and abnormal DNA methylation

Yin

Chen

et al. 2019

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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Tris(1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) is a kind of additive flame retardants (FRs) and was found to affect early embryonic development in zebrafish; however, there are few studies to investigate whether TDCPP will disturb the development of early mouse embryos. In our studies, we used mouse embryos as models to study the toxicology of TDCPP on the early embryos. The results showed that TDCPP disturbed the development of early mouse embryos in a dose‐dependent manner. 10 μM TDCPP decreased the blastocyst formation and 100 μM TDCPP was a lethal concentration for the mouse embryos. We proved that TDCPP was detrimental to embryonic development potential by increasing the reactive oxygen species level and inducing early apoptosis. Furthermore, TDCPP changed the DNA methylation patterns of imprinted genes in treated blastocysts. The methylation of H19 and Snrpn promoter regions was increased from 37.67% to 46.00% and 31.56% to 44.38% in treated groups, respectively. In contrast, Peg3 promoter region methylation was declined from 86.55% to 73.27% in treated embryos. Taken together, our results demonstrated that TDCPP could adversely impair the early embryonic development in mouse. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Involvement of oxidative stress in tri-ortho–cresyl phosphate-induced liver injury in male mice

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP)‐induced reproductive toxicity involved in placental apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress in pregnant mice

Tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate (TOCP)‐induced reproductive toxicity involved in placental apoptosis, autophagy and oxidative stress in pregnant mice

Tea polyphenols alleviate tri‐ortho‐cresyl phosphate‐induced autophagy of mouse ovarian granulosa cells

Tris(1,3‐dichloro‐2‐propyl) phosphate disturbs mouse embryonic development by inducing apoptosis and abnormal DNA methylation

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