Involvement of Nigrostriatal Pathway in Japanese Encephalitis with Movement Disorders: Evidence from 99mTc-TRODAT-1 and 123I-IBZM SPECT Imagings

Liao, Chang Hsu; Ling, Zaodung; Chou, Chung-Hsing; Huang, Wen Sheng; Denq, Jong Chyou; Lin, Jiann Chyun; Chen, Cheng-Yu; Chang, Chuan Chia; Peng, Giia Sheun

doi:10.1007/s11307-009-0244-x

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…There are well-documented but rare recent instances in which acute severe encephalitic viral disease was shown to directly cause transient symptomatic PD with evidence of DA neuron–midbrain structural involvement (37) or permanent clinical neurological symptoms, including parkinsonism (38–40). However, the central premise of the hypothesis presented here is not that a linear relationship exists between the viral infection, brain inflammation, and an acute manifestation of neurodegenerative disease.…”

Section: Neurons and Glia As Immune Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral and Inflammatory Triggers of Neurodegenerative Diseases

2012

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Here, we synthesize research behind the emerging hypothesis that inflammation—which can result, for example, from viral infections—can initiate and propagate chronic neuronal dysfunction, an event that precedes the clinical onset of many neurodegenerative diseases. Therapeutic approaches that target immunological pathways in the prodromal phase of diseases might decrease the incidence of neurodegenerative disorders and increase the therapeutic window for neuroprotection.

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Section: Neurons and Glia As Immune Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral and Inflammatory Triggers of Neurodegenerative Diseases

2012

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“…Liao et al showed the involvement of the nigrostriatal pathway in three JE patients presenting with parkinsonism in Taiwan by single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) using the radiotracer 99m Tc-TRODAT-1 for DAT imaging, and 123 I-iodobenzamide ( 123 I-IBZM) for D2 dopamine receptor imaging (Table 2) (2). All three patients showed bilateral substantia nigra lesions on brain MRI, albeit at different severities, but these did not reflect the corresponding clinical laterality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presynaptic striatal dysfunctions recently became detectable by dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging, which is usually applied to neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). However, there are only limited reports of DAT imaging for JE patients (2,3). In this paper, we report a JE patient that presented with parkinsonism, with decreased DAT imaging using a new radiotracer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Japanese Encephalitis Patient Presenting with Parkinsonism with Corresponding Laterality of Magnetic Resonance and Dopamine Transporter Imaging Findings

et al. 2018

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Japanese encephalitis (JE) survivors often present with nigrostriatal aftereffects with parkinsonian features. A 67-year-old woman with JE showed right-dominant clinical parkinsonism and left-dominant substantia nigra lesions after magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging using 123I-labeled 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-nortropane (123I-FP-CIT) revealed a corresponding left-dominant decrease. The present case is the first to reveal a clear match of laterality between clinical parkinsonism, MRI-based substantia nigra lesions, and impaired DAT in presynaptic dopaminergic neurons in JE.

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Clinical spectrum and management of dystonia in patients with Japanese encephalitis: A systematic review

et al. 2022

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Background Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a potentially fatal viral infection with a wide range of manifestations and can also present with a variety of movement disorders (MD) including dystonia. Dystonic features in JE are uncommon. Here, we have tried to summarize the clinical features and management of dystonia among JE patients with a comprehensive literature search. Methods Various databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar, were searched against the predefined criteria using suitable keywords combination and boolean operations. Relevant information from observational and case studies was extracted according to the author, dystonic features, radiological changes in the brain scans, treatment options, and outcome wherever provided. Result We identified 19 studies with a total of 1547 JE patients, the diagnosis of which was confirmed by IgM detection in serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid in the majority of the patients (88.62%). 234 (15.13%) of JE patients had dystonia with several types of focal dystonia being present in 131 (55.98%) either alone or in combination. Neuroimaging showed predominant involvement of thalami, basal ganglia, and brainstem. Oral medications including anticholinergics, GABA agonists, and benzodiazepines followed by botulinum toxin were the most common treatment modalities. Conclusion Dystonia can be a disabling consequence of JE, and various available medical therapies can significantly improve the quality of life. Owing to insufficient studies on the assessment of dystonia associated with JE, longitudinal studies with a larger number of patients are warranted to further clarify the clinical course, treatment, and outcome of dystonia.

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Involvement of Nigrostriatal Pathway in Japanese Encephalitis with Movement Disorders: Evidence from 99mTc-TRODAT-1 and 123I-IBZM SPECT Imagings

Abstract: Data have suggested that presynaptic dopaminergic neurons in JE patients are more susceptible to JE virus than postsynaptic striatal neurons. The degree of movement impairment was more closely correlated to the degree of D2Rs disruption seen in (123)I-IBZM SPECT imaging.

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Viral and Inflammatory Triggers of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Viral and Inflammatory Triggers of Neurodegenerative Diseases

A Japanese Encephalitis Patient Presenting with Parkinsonism with Corresponding Laterality of Magnetic Resonance and Dopamine Transporter Imaging Findings

Clinical spectrum and management of dystonia in patients with Japanese encephalitis: A systematic review

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