Involvement of both granular cells and plasmatocytes in phagocytic reactions in the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella

Tojo, Sachiko; Naganuma, Fumihiko; Arakawa, Kenryo; Yokoo, Shinya

doi:10.1016/s0022-1910(99)00223-1

Cited by 145 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Several studies have established G. mellonella as a useful model for evaluating fungal virulence, 52-56 including for P. lutzii, another species belonging to the Paracoccidioides species complex, 57 with the advantage that the innate immune response is highly similar between insects and mammals, 58,59 60 including antimicrobial peptides and cells with phagocytic activity in hemolymph that function in a manner similar to human phagocytes. [61][62][63] Decreased expression of Pb14-3-3 resulted in a significant reduction of the virulence phenotype as reflected in the survival curve and CFU experiment with G. mellonella model. There was a reduction in the fungal burden in the larvae infected with the silenced strain, probably due to difficulty in the establishment in the host, leading to a lower resistance to killing by the host's immune system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased expression of 14-3-3 inParacoccidioides brasiliensisconfirms its involvement in fungal pathogenesis

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased expression of 14-3-3 inParacoccidioides brasiliensisconfirms its involvement in fungal pathogenesis

et al. 2016

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“…16 Insects possess a cellular and humoral innate immune system which bears similarities to innate immune response of vertebrates. 17 The cellular immune response is mediated by haemocytes, which show strong structural and functional similarities with mammalian phagocytes. 18,19 Six different types of haemocytes are defined in Galleria which are involved in phagocytosis, encapsulation and melanization.…”

Section: 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Galleria mellonellaas a host model to studyAspergillus terreusvirulence and amphotericin B resistance

et al. 2015

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Keywords: amphotericin B resistant and susceptible A. terreus strain cluster, Galleria mellonella, invertebrate in vivo modelThe aim of this study was to investigate if the alternative in vivo model Galleria mellonella can be used (i) to determine differences in pathogenicity of amphotericin B (AMB) resistant and susceptible A. terreus isolates, (ii) to evaluate AMB efficacy in vivo (iii) and to correlate outcome to in vitro susceptibility data. Larvae were infected with 2 A. terreus AMB resistant (ATR) and 3 AMB susceptible (ATS) isolates and survival rates were correlated to physiological attributes and killing ability of larval haemocytes. Additionally, infected larvae were treated with different concentrations of L-AMB. Haemocyte density were ascertained to evaluate the influence of L-AMB on the larval immune cells. Larvae were sensitive to A. terreus infection in an inoculum-size and temperature dependent manner. In vitro susceptibility to L-AMB correlated with in vivo outcome of antifungal treatment, defining an AMB susceptible strain cluster of A. terreus. Susceptibility to L-AMB increased virulence potential in the larval model, but this increase was also in accordance with faster growth and less damage caused by larval haemocytes. L-AMB treatment primed the larval immune response by increasing haemocyte density. G. mellonella provides a convenient model for the in vivo screening of A. terreus virulence and treatment options, contributing to the generation of a hypothesis that can be further tested in refined experiments in mammalian models.

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“…Insect hemocytes were harvested from healthy, sixth instar, G. mellonella larvae (Mealworm Company, Sheffield, United Kingdom) [6]. The cells were washed once in insect physiological saline (IPS) [42] and finally resuspended in PBS-G.…”

Section: Preparation Of Human Neutrophils and Insect Hemocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translocation of proteins homologous to human neutrophil p47phox and p67phox to the cell membrane in activated hemocytes of Galleria mellonella

Renwick

Reeves

Wientjes

et al. 2007

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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Activation of the superoxide forming respiratory burst oxidase of human neutrophils, crucial in host defence, requires the cytosolic proteins p47 phox and p67 phox which translocate to the plasma membrane upon cell stimulation and activate flavocytochrome b 558 , the redox centre of this enzyme system. We have previously demonstrated the presence of proteins (67 and 47 kDa) in hemocytes of the insect Galleria mellonella homologous to proteins of the superoxide-forming NADPH oxidase complex of neutrophils. The work presented here illustrates for the first time translocation of homologous hemocyte proteins, 67 and 47 kDa from the cytosol to the plasma membrane upon phorbol 12-myristate 13 acetate (PMA) activation. In hemocytes, gliotoxin (GT), the fungal secondary metabolite significantly suppressed PMA-induced superoxide generation in a concentration dependent manner and reduced translocation to basel nonstimulated levels. Primarily these results correlate translocation of hemocyte 47 and 67 kDa proteins with PMA induced oxidase activity. Collectively results presented here, demonstrate further cellular and functional similarities between phagocytes of insects and mammals and further justify the use of insects in place of mammals for modelling the innate immune response to microbial pathogens. r

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Involvement of both granular cells and plasmatocytes in phagocytic reactions in the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella

Cited by 145 publications

References 16 publications

Decreased expression of 14-3-3 inParacoccidioides brasiliensisconfirms its involvement in fungal pathogenesis

Decreased expression of 14-3-3 inParacoccidioides brasiliensisconfirms its involvement in fungal pathogenesis

Galleria mellonellaas a host model to studyAspergillus terreusvirulence and amphotericin B resistance

Translocation of proteins homologous to human neutrophil p47phox and p67phox to the cell membrane in activated hemocytes of Galleria mellonella

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