Investigation on the micro-structure and adsorption capacity of cellulosic biomass carbon based montmorillonite composite

Yang, Xiaodong; Li, Fangfei; Xia, Maosheng; Luo, Feng; Jiang, Yinshan

doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2017.07.052

Cited by 49 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The XRD patterns in the wide angle region, 2-90 • , permitted an evaluation of the graphitic nature of the synthesized biographite. The analysis was carried out to characterize the crystallinity of the composites [48]. PKS samples were introduced into Fe, Ni and FeNicatalysts, respectively, and underwent heat treatment at a temperature of 800 and 1000 • C. The XRD patterns for all samples prepared under different conditions are shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Crystallographic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modification of Palm Waste Lignocellulosic Materials into Biographite Using Iron and Nickel Catalyst

2021

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This paper presents an alternative way to maximize the utilization of palm waste by implementing a green approach to modify lignocellulosic materials into a highly crystalline biographite. A bio-graphite structure was successfully synthesized by converting lignocellulosic materials via a simple method using palm kernel shell (PKS) as a carbon precursor. This involved the direct impregnation of a catalyst into raw material followed by a thermal treatment. The structural transformation of the carbon was observed to be significantly altered by employing different types of catalysts and varying thermal treatment temperatures. Both XRD and Raman spectroscopy confirmed that the microstructural alteration occurred in the carbon structure of the sample prepared at 800 and 1000 °C using iron, nickel or the hybrid of iron-nickel catalysts. The XRD pattern revealed a high degree of graphitization for the sample prepared at 1000 °C, and it was evident that iron was the most active graphitization catalyst. The presence of an intensified peak was observed at 2θ = 26.5°, reflecting the formation of a highly ordered graphitic structure as a result of the interaction between the iron catalyst and the thermal treatment process at 1000 °C. The XRD observation was further supported by the Raman spectrum in which PKS-Fe1000 showed a lower defect structure associated with the presence of a significant amount of graphitic structure, as a low value of (Id/Ig) ratio was reported. An HRTEM image showed a well-defined lattice fringe seen on the structure for PKS-Fe1000; meanwhile, a disordered microstructure was observed for the control sample, indicating that successful structural modification was achieved with the aid of the catalyst. Further analysis from BET found that the PKS-Fe1000 developed a surface area of 202.932 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.208 cm3/g. An overall successful modification from palm waste into graphitic material was achieved. Thus, this study will help those involved in waste management to evaluate the possibility of a sustainable process for the generation of graphite material from palm waste. It can be concluded that palm waste is a potential source of production for graphite material through the adoption of the proposed waste management process.

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Section: Crystallographic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modification of Palm Waste Lignocellulosic Materials into Biographite Using Iron and Nickel Catalyst

2021

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“…The R 2 correlation coefficient values for the Langmuir and Freundlich model are 0.982 and 0.899 respectively; moreover, the maximum adsorption capacity is 14.493 mg/g. These results show that the Langmuir model has an R 2 value close to unity and higher than that of the Freundlich model, suggesting that the Langmuir model has a good fit to experimental data of MB adsorption on CNZL and that the adsorption occurs in monolayer and involves independent identical sites in limited number according to Yang et al [ 67 ]. The adsorption characteristics of the Langmuir R L isotherm also have values between 0 and 1, which confirm that the adsorption process of MB on CNZL is favorable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Characterization of Ziziphus lotus’ Activated Carbon and Evaluation of Its Adsorption Potential

Touzani

Fikri-Benbrahim

Ahlafi

et al. 2022

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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This study aims to prepare activated carbon from an interesting biomaterial, corresponding to the cores of Ziziphus lotus, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, according to a manufacturing process based on its chemical and thermal activation. These cores were chemically activated by sulfuric acid for 24 h and then carbonized at 500°C for 2 hours. The obtained activated carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) on the activated carbon was evaluated, by Langmuir and Freundlich models examination, in order to explain the adsorption efficiency in a systematic and scientific way. Moreover, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were used to identify the mechanisms of this adsorption process. The characterization results showed an important porosity (pore sizes ranging from 10 to 45 µm), a surface structure having acid groups and carboxylic functions, and a specific surface of 749.6 m2/g. Results of the MB adsorption showed that this process is very fast as more than 80% of MB is adsorbed during the first 20 minutes. In addition, increasing the contact time and temperature improves the MB removal process efficiency. Moreover, this adsorption’s kinetic modeling follows the pseudo-second-order model. Furthermore, data on the adsorption isotherm showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.493 mg/g and fit better with the Langmuir model. The thermodynamic parameters (∆G0, ∆S0, and ∆H0) indicate that the adsorption process is endothermic and spontaneous. Therefore, Ziziphus lotus can be used as a low-cost available material to prepare a high-quality activated carbon having a promising potential in the wastewater treatment.

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“…These results show that the correlation coefficient R2 of the adsorption isotherm of the Langmuir model presents the highest value and is very close to unity compared to the Freundlich model, as well as the maximum adsorption capacity is 14.493 mg/g. This indicates that the adsorption process of the MB on CNZL follows the Langmuir model, and that the adsorption occurs in monolayer and involves independent identical sites in limited number (Yang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Adsorption Isothermsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Characterization of Activated Carbon Prepared From the Nucleus of Ziziphus Lotus (NBEG): Isothermal Study and Kinetics of Adsorption of Methylene Blue

Touzani

Fikri-Benbrahim

Ahlafi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Ziziphus lotus (Nbeg) is very common in Morocco where it occupies various ecosystems and presents different interests; however it remains devalued and knows recent deterioration due to the human pressure through clearing, wood collection, irrational cuts’ exploitation and overgrazing. This study aims to prepare activated carbon from the cores of this interesting biomaterial, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, according to a manufacturing process based on its chemical and thermal activation. The cores of Ziziphus lotus (Nbeg) were chemically activated by sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 98%) for 24h with a mass contribution (1:1), and then carbonized at a temperature of 500 °C for 2 hours. The obtained activated carbon was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and specific surface measurement. These characterization results showed an important porosity and a surface structure having acid groups and carboxylic functions. The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) was evaluated, by Langmuir and Freundlich models examination, in order to explain the adsorption efficiency in a systematic and scientific way. Also pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models were used to identify the possible mechanisms of this adsorption process. The results showed that the MB adsorption process on activated carbon follows the Langmuir model and that the adsorption kinetic is best represented by kinetics data of the pseudo-second order model. Therefore, Z. lotus can be used as a low-cost available material to prepare a high quality activated carbon having a promising potential in the wastewater treatment.

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Investigation on the micro-structure and adsorption capacity of cellulosic biomass carbon based montmorillonite composite

Cited by 49 publications

References 28 publications

A Modification of Palm Waste Lignocellulosic Materials into Biographite Using Iron and Nickel Catalyst

A Modification of Palm Waste Lignocellulosic Materials into Biographite Using Iron and Nickel Catalyst

Characterization of Ziziphus lotus’ Activated Carbon and Evaluation of Its Adsorption Potential

Characterization of Activated Carbon Prepared From the Nucleus of Ziziphus Lotus (NBEG): Isothermal Study and Kinetics of Adsorption of Methylene Blue

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