Investigation of Volumetric and Acoustic Properties of Procainamide Hydrochloride in Aqueous Binary and (Water + Amino Acid) Ternary Mixtures at Different Temperatures

Abstract

For effective drug design and development, an integrated process utilizing all available information from structural, thermodynamic, and biological studies plays a very important role. To understand the energy basis of molecular interactions utilizing various thermodynamic methods, volumetric and acoustic studies are vital early in the development process of any drug toward an optimal energy interaction profile while retaining a good pharmacological assay. In this article, we are reporting the data of densities (ρ) and speeds of sound (u) of an antiarrhythmic agent, namely, procainamide hydrochloride in an aqueous binary and aqueous solution of amino acids, i.e., l-alanine and l-valine at T = (298.15, 308.15 and 318.15) K. Different thermodynamic parameters such as the apparent molar volume (V ϕ) of the solute, the isentropic compressibility (κs) of the solution, and the apparent molar isentropic compressibility (κϕ) of procainamide hydrochloride in water and aqueous solutions of l-alanine and l-valine have been computed using the density and speed of sound data at different temperatures. The limiting apparent molar volume (V ϕ 0) of solute and the limiting apparent molar compressibility (κϕ 0) of solute in binary and ternary aqueous solutions have been obtained by extrapolating the plots. The results have been interpreted in light of the competing solute–solute and solute–solvent interactions.

Host–Guest Interaction Studies of Isoproterenol Hydrochloride with Β-Cyclodextrin in an Aqueous Medium Probed by Volumetric, Acoustic, and Spectroscopic Approach

“…The temperature plays a vital role in influencing the solute−solvent interactions, and higher temperatures further strengthen them. 36 In both the studied systems, as the temperature rises, the V φ ο values increase, as some of the water molecules might be released by the drug's solvation layer consisting of ionic (−NH−, −Cl − )/hydrophilic (−OH) groups of the drug's solvation layer to the bulk solution, ultimately leading to an expanded solution via decreased electrostriction. Insight into trends surrounding structural characteristics and changes in solvent volume can be gained from studying apparent partial molar volumes, which are sensitive to a given solute's solvation behavior.…”

“…The higher magnitude of V φ ο in a ternary system in contrast to a binary system shows an efficient interaction between the drug and cosolute, the β-CD molecule. The temperature plays a vital role in influencing the solute–solvent interactions, and higher temperatures further strengthen them . In both the studied systems, as the temperature rises, the V φ ο values increase, as some of the water molecules might be released by the drug’s solvation layer consisting of ionic (−NH–, −Cl – )/hydrophilic (−OH) groups of the drug’s solvation layer to the bulk solution, ultimately leading to an expanded solution via decreased electrostriction.…”

Thermophysical Properties of Dicationic Ionic Liquids under the Influence of Amino Acid

“…Values of apparent molar isentropic compressibility of infinite dilution are used to estimate the partial molar compressibility of transfer (Δ tr κ ϕ 0 ) using the following equation: where Δ tr κ ϕ 0 values are found to be negative in aqueous solutions of glycine which are incorporated in Table . Usually, the magnitudes of Δ tr κ ϕ 0 values having a nonlinear trend with a concentration of each imidazolium-based DILs has been observed at a temperature that can be discussed by considering the structural interaction model. , It suggests that the ions get heavily hydrated causing a decrease in compressibility …”

“…26,38 It suggests that the ions get heavily hydrated causing a decrease in compressibility. 39 3.3. Transport Properties.…”

Ultrasonic Interaction Studies of Ternary Mixture Solutions at 303 and 313 Temperature

“…Volumetric and acoustic properties of procainamide hydrochloric acid in aqueous amino acids and ternary mixtures at different temperature. To understand the energy basis of molecular interactions utilizing various thermodynamic methods, volumetric and acoustic studies are vital early development process of any drugs toward an optimal energy interaction profile while retaining a good pharmacological assay [1] Ultrasonic investigation in aqueous solution of electrolytes and non-electrolytes with amino acids provides useful information of liquid systems, because intermolecular and intramolecular association, complex formation and related structural changes affect the compressibility of the system. Ultrasonic wave have been used by many researchers to investigate the nature of molecular interactions and physico-chemical behavior of pure, binary and ternary liquid mixtures.…”