Investigation of Visual Space

Perspective Space as a Model for Distance and Size Perception

“…The alleys led to the concept of curved visual space ( Luneburg, 1947 , 1950 ). Results were confirmed and extended by many studies ( Battro, di Pierro Netto, & Rozenstraten, 1976 ; Hardy, Rand, & Rittler, 1951 ; Indow, Inoue, & Matsushima, 1962 ; Luneburg, 1950 ; Roberts & Suppes, 1967 ; Shipley, 1957 ; Yamazaki, 1987 ; Zage, 1980 ; Zajaczkowska, 1956 ). The studies concluded that visual space is curved although a few authors challenged its hyperbolic nature.…”

Perspective Space as a Model for Distance and Size Perception

“…The alleys led to the concept of curved visual space ( Luneburg, 1947 , 1950 ). Results were confirmed and extended by many studies ( Battro, di Pierro Netto, & Rozenstraten, 1976 ; Hardy, Rand, & Rittler, 1951 ; Indow, Inoue, & Matsushima, 1962 ; Luneburg, 1950 ; Roberts & Suppes, 1967 ; Shipley, 1957 ; Yamazaki, 1987 ; Zage, 1980 ; Zajaczkowska, 1956 ). The studies concluded that visual space is curved although a few authors challenged its hyperbolic nature.…”

An Experimental Study of the Luneburg Theory of Binocular Space Perception (2)

“…It has been shown sometimes, however, that there are Ss whose data exactly reverse what is expected from the Luneburg theory. For example, 6 of 15 Ss in the alley experiment by Hardy et al (1951) and 7 out of 9 Ss in the alley experiment by Ishii (1961) yielded positive values for K. Obviously results of the alley experiments are heavily dependent upon criterion the S assumes while constructing the alleys. As mentioned before, when constructing the distance alley, the S is apt to rely upon the angular distance rather than the apparent lateral distance between two points in a pair.…”

A critical review of Luneburg's model with regard to global structure of visual space.

“…This condition is called the frameless VS. An example of the result is given in Figure 3, where the farthest pair of points of Q 1 is fixed and the positions of other pairs are adjusted mainly in the direction of the y -axis by the subject according to the following two different criteria: (a) The two series of points of Q 1 along the x -axis are adjusted to appear straight and parallel, which is called a parallel (P-alley; filled circles), and (b) each pair, Q i , is adjusted to appear in lateral separation equal to the separation of the fixed pairs, Q 1 , which is the conventional method and is called an ( equi -) distance (D-alley; unfilled circles). Then, it is well known and replicated since Blumenfeld (1913) that the two alleys are not the same in X (Hardy, Rand, & Rittler, 1951; Indow, Inoue, & Matsushima, 1962a, 1962b, 1963; Shipley, 1957b; Squires, 1956; Zajaczkowska, 1956a, 1956b) and the Dalley tends to lie outside the P-alley. Hillebrand (1902) did a series of experiments on the P-alley for obtaining quantitative data on size constancy.…”

Perspective Space as a Model for Distance and Size Perception

“…The alleys led to the concept of curved visual space ( Luneburg, 1947 , 1950 ). Results were confirmed and extended by many studies ( Battro, di Pierro Netto, & Rozenstraten, 1976 ; Hardy, Rand, & Rittler, 1951 ; Indow, Inoue, & Matsushima, 1962 ; Luneburg, 1950 ; Roberts & Suppes, 1967 ; Shipley, 1957 ; Yamazaki, 1987 ; Zage, 1980 ; Zajaczkowska, 1956 ). The studies concluded that visual space is curved although a few authors challenged its hyperbolic nature.…”

An Experimental Study of the Luneburg Theory of Binocular Space Perception (2)

“…It has been shown sometimes, however, that there are Ss whose data exactly reverse what is expected from the Luneburg theory. For example, 6 of 15 Ss in the alley experiment by Hardy et al (1951) and 7 out of 9 Ss in the alley experiment by Ishii (1961) yielded positive values for K. Obviously results of the alley experiments are heavily dependent upon criterion the S assumes while constructing the alleys. As mentioned before, when constructing the distance alley, the S is apt to rely upon the angular distance rather than the apparent lateral distance between two points in a pair.…”

A critical review of Luneburg's model with regard to global structure of visual space.

“…This condition is called the frameless VS. An example of the result is given in Figure 3, where the farthest pair of points of Q 1 is fixed and the positions of other pairs are adjusted mainly in the direction of the y -axis by the subject according to the following two different criteria: (a) The two series of points of Q 1 along the x -axis are adjusted to appear straight and parallel, which is called a parallel (P-alley; filled circles), and (b) each pair, Q i , is adjusted to appear in lateral separation equal to the separation of the fixed pairs, Q 1 , which is the conventional method and is called an ( equi -) distance (D-alley; unfilled circles). Then, it is well known and replicated since Blumenfeld (1913) that the two alleys are not the same in X (Hardy, Rand, & Rittler, 1951; Indow, Inoue, & Matsushima, 1962a, 1962b, 1963; Shipley, 1957b; Squires, 1956; Zajaczkowska, 1956a, 1956b) and the Dalley tends to lie outside the P-alley. Hillebrand (1902) did a series of experiments on the P-alley for obtaining quantitative data on size constancy.…”

Perspective Space as a Model for Distance and Size Perception

“…The alleys led to the concept of curved visual space ( Luneburg, 1947 , 1950 ). Results were confirmed and extended by many studies ( Battro, di Pierro Netto, & Rozenstraten, 1976 ; Hardy, Rand, & Rittler, 1951 ; Indow, Inoue, & Matsushima, 1962 ; Luneburg, 1950 ; Roberts & Suppes, 1967 ; Shipley, 1957 ; Yamazaki, 1987 ; Zage, 1980 ; Zajaczkowska, 1956 ). The studies concluded that visual space is curved although a few authors challenged its hyperbolic nature.…”

An Experimental Study of the Luneburg Theory of Binocular Space Perception (2)

“…It has been shown sometimes, however, that there are Ss whose data exactly reverse what is expected from the Luneburg theory. For example, 6 of 15 Ss in the alley experiment by Hardy et al (1951) and 7 out of 9 Ss in the alley experiment by Ishii (1961) yielded positive values for K. Obviously results of the alley experiments are heavily dependent upon criterion the S assumes while constructing the alleys. As mentioned before, when constructing the distance alley, the S is apt to rely upon the angular distance rather than the apparent lateral distance between two points in a pair.…”

A critical review of Luneburg's model with regard to global structure of visual space.

“…This condition is called the frameless VS. An example of the result is given in Figure 3, where the farthest pair of points of Q 1 is fixed and the positions of other pairs are adjusted mainly in the direction of the y -axis by the subject according to the following two different criteria: (a) The two series of points of Q 1 along the x -axis are adjusted to appear straight and parallel, which is called a parallel (P-alley; filled circles), and (b) each pair, Q i , is adjusted to appear in lateral separation equal to the separation of the fixed pairs, Q 1 , which is the conventional method and is called an ( equi -) distance (D-alley; unfilled circles). Then, it is well known and replicated since Blumenfeld (1913) that the two alleys are not the same in X (Hardy, Rand, & Rittler, 1951; Indow, Inoue, & Matsushima, 1962a, 1962b, 1963; Shipley, 1957b; Squires, 1956; Zajaczkowska, 1956a, 1956b) and the Dalley tends to lie outside the P-alley. Hillebrand (1902) did a series of experiments on the P-alley for obtaining quantitative data on size constancy.…”