Investigation of the Localized Corrosion and Passive Behavior of Type 304 Stainless Steels with 0.2–1.8 wt % B

Ha, Heung Yong; Jang, Jae Hoon; Lee, Tae‐Ho; Won, Chi-Hyoung; Lee, Chang‐Hoon; Moon, Joonoh; Lee, Chang-Geun

doi:10.3390/ma11112097

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These alloys contain 11-18% chromium, 3-4% nickel, and smaller counts of additional metals, including aluminum, niobium, molybdenum, titanium and tungsten. Nevertheless, chromium is the alloying element responsible for the formation of the passive film [11][12][13][14]. The family of precipitation hardening stainless steels can be divided into three main types-low carbon martensitic, semi-austenitic and austenitic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative to Nitric Acid Passivation of 15-5 and 17-4PH Stainless Steel Using Electrochemical Techniques

et al. 2020

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Increasingly stringent environmental regulations in different sectors of industry, especially the aeronautical sector, suggest the need for more investigations regarding the effect of environmentally friendly corrosion protective processes. Passivation is a finishing process that makes stainless steels more rust resistant, removing free iron from the steel surface resulting from machining operations. This results in the formation of a protective oxide layer that is less likely to react with the environment and cause corrosion. The most commonly used passivating agent is nitric acid. However, it is know that high levels of toxicity can be generated by using this agent. In this work, a study has been carried out into the electrochemical behavior of 15-5PH (precipitation hardening) and 17-4PH stainless steels passivated with (a) citric and (b) nitric acid solutions for 60 and 90 min at 49 °C, and subsequently exposed to an environment with chlorides. Two electrochemical techniques were used: electrochemical noise (EN) and potentiodynamic polarization curves (PPC) according to ASTM G199-09 and ASTM G5-13, respectively. The results obtained indicated that, for both types of steel, the passive layer formed in citric acid as passivating solution had very similar characteristics to that formed with nitric acid. Furthermore, after exposure to the chloride-containing solution and according with the localization index (LI) values obtained, the stainless steels passivated in citric acid showed a mixed type of corrosion, whereas the steels passivated in nitric acid showed localized corrosion. Overall, the results of the R n values derived show very low and similar corrosion rates for the stainless steels passivated with both citric and nitric acid solutions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative to Nitric Acid Passivation of 15-5 and 17-4PH Stainless Steel Using Electrochemical Techniques

et al. 2020

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“…Generally, the composition of austenitic stainless steels is adjusted to meet service requirements in various corrosive environments [ 8 ]. The corrosion sensitivity of austenitic steels mainly takes the form of pitting, crevice and intergranular type [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels

Reclaru¹,

Ardelean

2020

Materials

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Although called stainless steels, austenitic steels are sensitive to localized corrosion, namely pitting, crevice, and intergranular form. Seventeen grades of steel were tested for localized corrosion. Steels were also tested in general corrosion and in galvanic couplings (steels–precious alloys) used in watchmaking applications. The evaluations have been carried out in accordance with the ASTM standards which specifically concern the forms of corrosion namely, general (B117-97, salt fog test), pitting (G48-11, FeCl3), crevice (F746-87) and intergranular (A262-15, Strauss chemical test and G108-94, Electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test). All tests revealed sensitivity to corrosion. We have noticed that the transverse face is clearly more sensitive than the longitudinal face, in the direction of rolling process. The same conclusion has been drawn from the tests of nickel release. It should be pointed out that, despite the fact that the grade of steel is in conformity with the classification standards, the behavior is very different from one manufacturer to another, due to parameters dependent on the production process, such as casting volume, alloying additions, and deoxidizing agents. The quantities of nickel released are related to the operations involved in the manufacturing process. Heat treatments reduce the quantities of nickel released. The surface state has little influence on the release. The hardening procedures increase the quantities of nickel released. The quantities of released nickel are influenced by the inclusionary state and the existence of the secondary phases in the steel structure. Another aspect is related to the strong dispersion of results concerning nickel release and corrosion behavior of raw materials.

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“…Stainless steel grade AISI 304 (SS) is one of the most widely used modern structural materials due to its high corrosion resistance, satisfactory mechanical properties, sufficient weldability and good formidability [1][2][3][4][5][6]. However, its sliding wear and cavitation erosion resistance (CER) is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation Erosion and Sliding Wear Mechanisms of AlTiN and TiAlN Films Deposited on Stainless Steel Substrate

et al. 2019

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The resistance to cavitation erosion and sliding wear of stainless steel grade AISI 304 can be improved by using physical vapor deposited (PVD) coatings. The aim of this study was to investigate the cavitation erosion and sliding wear mechanisms of magnetron-sputtered AlTiN and TiAlN films deposited with different contents of chemical elements onto a stainless steel SS304 substrate. The surface morphology and structure of samples were examined by optical profilometry, light optical microscopy (LOM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS). Mechanical properties (hardness, elastic modulus) were tested using a nanoindentation tester. Adhesion of the deposited coatings was determined by the scratch test and Rockwell adhesion tests. Cavitation erosion tests were performed according to ASTM G32 (vibratory apparatus) in compliance with the stationary specimen procedure. Sliding wear tests were conducted with the use of a nano-tribo tester, i.e., ball-on-disc apparatus. Results demonstrate that the cavitation erosion mechanism of the TiAlN and AlTiN coatings rely on embrittlement, which can be attributed to fatigue processes causing film rupture and internal decohesion in flake spallation, and thus leading to coating detachment and substrate exposition. At moderate loads, the sliding wear of thin films takes the form of grooving, micro-scratching, micro-ploughing and smearing of the columnar grain top hills. Compared to the SS reference sample, the PVD films exhibit superior resistance to sliding wear and cavitation erosion.

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Investigation of the Localized Corrosion and Passive Behavior of Type 304 Stainless Steels with 0.2–1.8 wt % B

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Alternative to Nitric Acid Passivation of 15-5 and 17-4PH Stainless Steel Using Electrochemical Techniques

Alternative to Nitric Acid Passivation of 15-5 and 17-4PH Stainless Steel Using Electrochemical Techniques

Corrosion Susceptibility and Allergy Potential of Austenitic Stainless Steels

Cavitation Erosion and Sliding Wear Mechanisms of AlTiN and TiAlN Films Deposited on Stainless Steel Substrate

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