“…As shown in Figure 2d, the GO‐N 3 spectrum revealed the presence of a robust stretching ‐OH group at 3435 cm −1 and absorption peaks at 1720, 1585, 1408, and 1025 cm −1 , corresponding to C=O, C=C, C−O−H, and characteristic bands in C−O stretching vibrations, respectively. These findings align with previous studies on GO, where ‐OH, C=O, C=C, C−O, and C‐OH functional groups have been documented [48,49] . Furthermore, a distinct absorption peak at 2107 cm −1 indicated the presence of azide groups [21] .…”