Investigation of senses of sexism and religiosity in terms of sports variable

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate senses of sexism and religiosity in terms of sports variable. Totally 192 university students including 121 males and 71 females with an average age of 21.72 ± 1.90 voluntarily participated in the research. "Ambivalent Sexism Inventory" was used in order to measure the attitudes of students participated in the research towards sexism whereas "Religiosity Scale" was used to determine their sense of religiosity. For the assessment of the results, frequency, t-test and correlation statistical processes were carried out. As a result; a significant difference was found between individuals doing and not doing exercises in terms of their sexism and religiosity levels. A significant difference was also found between hostile sexism, benevolent sexism and benevolent patriarchy attitudes of individuals doing and not doing exercises. It was determined that average of hostile sexism, benevolent sexism and benevolent patriarchy attitudes of individuals doing exercises was higher than that of individuals not doing exercises. A significant difference was determined between hostile sexism, benevolent sexism and heterosexual intimacy properties in terms of gender variable. It was observed that hostile sexism property of females was lower than that of male participants. On the other hand, benevolent sexism property of females was higher than that of male participants. A significant difference was not found between doing exercises variable, gender variable as well as religiosity variable, however, a positive relationship was found between religiosity and benevolent sexism, heterosexual intimacy, benevolent, supplementary attitude towards genders. As the level of religiosity increases, the average of benevolent sexism, heterosexual intimacy, benevolent patriarchy, supplementary attitude towards genders also increases.

Religiosity and Female Participation in Sport: Exploring the Perceptions of the Turkish University Students

“…This finding supports the idea that gender differences have been exaggerated in the literature [49]. Bastug et al [46] were the first to investigate correlations between religiosity and the sub-factors of ambivalent sexism in Turkey. Their study found no significant difference between males and females for the correlation of religiosity and hostile sexism.…”

“…According to the correlation tests conducted by Akgul [48], religiosity had no effect on sport participation, either positive or negative. Similarly, Bastug et al [46] could not find any meaningful relationships between doing exercises variable and religiosity. Table 8 proves the meaningfulness level of the model through the calculation of the F score.…”

“…In another study investigating the relationship between religiosity and gender conducted in German and Turkish individuals, at the behavioral level, the correlation between religiosity and gender egalitarianism was true for only Turkish respondents [50]. On the other hand, previous literature [51][52][53] had conveyed that hostile sexism is higher in males than females, but this attitude was not observed in sport domain [46]. All these studies confirm the findings of the present study as no meaningful difference was found in religiosity and female participation in sport according to the gender variable.…”

“…Very few studies (e.g. [46,48,63]) so far have focused on the relationship between religiosity and physical activity and sports in Turkey. Therefore this study has been a serious contribution to the literature as it elaborated a new dimension of sport, female participation, for the first time.…”

“…Turkish female volleyball club teams also managed to won World Clubs Champion title for four times during the same period. In a recent study, Bastug et al [46] outlined that Turkish women are getting more visible in the society through work-life and social activities including organizational sport and physical activities which help them eliminate prejudices, negative value judgments, and sexism.…”