Investigation of reactive gases and methane variability in the coastal boundary layer of the central Mediterranean basin

Cristofanelli, Paolo; Busetto, Maurizio; Calzolari, F.; Ammoscato, Ivano; Gullì, Daniel; Dinoi, Adelaide; Calidonna, Claudia Roberta; Contini, Daniele; Sferlazzo, Damiano; Iorio, Tatiana Di; Piacentino, Salvatore; Marinoni, Angela; Maione, Michela; Bonasoni, Paolo

doi:10.1525/elementa.216

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Seasonal behavior shows higher values during the cold season and minimum during the warmer period, due to the lower atmospheric lifetime (Gilge et al, 2010;Schultz et al, 2015). This result agrees with observations reported by Cristofanelli et al (2017), who showed similar seasonal cycle for other location in southern Italy.…”

Section: Gas-phase Pollutantssupporting

confidence: 91%

Air Quality Characterization at Three Industrial Areas in Southern Italy

Perrino

Gilardoni

Landi

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Outdoor air pollution is responsible for more than 4 million premature deaths worldwide and its contribution is particularly severe in industrial contaminated sites, where epidemiological studies highlight often mortality rate larger than the national average. In the framework of the CISAS project, this study investigates spatial and temporal variability of air pollution across three industrial contaminated sites in southern Italy classified as "High Risk Area of Environmental Crisis": Crotone, Milazzo, and Priolo. The environmental analysis employed three investigation approaches:-meteorological characterization of the sites with analyses of local air mass circulation;-statistical evaluation of the continuous measurements of gaseous pollutants and PM concentration;-determination of mass concentration and detailed speciation of the chemical components of atmospheric particulate matter during intensive field campaigns. Continuous trace gases and aerosol measurements (including NOx, SO 2 , O 3 , NMHC, PM 10 , and PM 2.5 ) over the period 2016-2018 were analyzed, and specific intensive field experiments (2016-2017), representative of winter and summer conditions, were carried out in order to determine PM 10 and PM 2.5 chemical composition. The analyses of PM components (ions, elemental composition, trace organic pollutants, organic carbon, and elemental carbon) show concentrations typical of rural and urban areas. The results concerning gaseous pollutants and PM concentration showed a general compliance of the concentrations of some regulated species with the limits set by the EU Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Directive. However, in particular in the industrial areas of Milazzo and Priolo, the analysis here reported highlights the need for a stringent regulation on NMHC ambient concentration and composition, further investigation of fine particle composition and atmospheric processing, and a deeper understanding of the role of anthropogenic emissions on ozone formation, also considering the World Health Organization (WHO) limits.

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Section: Gas-phase Pollutantssupporting

confidence: 91%

Air Quality Characterization at Three Industrial Areas in Southern Italy

Perrino

Gilardoni

Landi

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…In Capo Granitola, the major prevailing wind directions during the campaign were between WNW-NW to N-NE, which was a peculiar wind distribution (generally NW and SE) at this site [25], with winds from inland generally associated with higher concentrations and more polluted events. Associated with the N-NE wind direction, the OC and EC concentrations were higher than average (43-59%), while the carbonaceous concentrations associated with wind from the (W-NW) direction were observed to be lower (65-71%), in both size fractions.…”

Section: Influence Of Meteorological Parameters On Measured Concentramentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The area experiences some pollution coming from the transport sector (airport, cruises from/to Gioia Tauro and local traffic mainly for E-NE direction), houses, and agriculture. More details on the site can be found in Cristofanelli et al [25]. Capo Granitola Observatory (CGR, 37.6° N 12.6° E; 5 m a.s.l.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inter-Comparison of Carbon Content in PM2.5 and PM10 Collected at Five Measurement Sites in Southern Italy

et al. 2017

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A field campaign was performed simultaneously at five measurement sites, having different characteristics, to characterize the spatial distribution of the carbonaceous content in atmospheric aerosol in Southern Italy during the winter season. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were measured at urban (Naples), suburban (Lecce), coastal/marine (Lamezia Terme and Capo Granitola), and remote (Monte Curcio) locations. OC and EC mass concentrations were quantified by the thermal-optical transmission (TOT) method, in 24-h PM 10 and PM 2.5 samples collected on quartz fiber filters, from 25 November 2015 to 1 January 2016. The different sites showed marked differences in the average concentrations of both carbonaceous species. Typically, OC average levels (±standard deviation) were higher at the sites of Naples (12.8 ± 5.1 and 11.8 ± 4.6 µg/m 3 ) and Lecce (10.7 ± 5.8 and 9.0 ± 4.7 µg/m 3 ), followed by Lamezia Terme (4.3 ± 2.0 and 4.0 ± 1.9 µg/m 3 ), Capo Granitola (2.3 ± 1.2 and 1.7 ± 1.1 µg/m 3 ), and Monte Curcio (0.9 ± 0.3 and 0.9 ± 0.3 µg/m 3 ) in PM 10 and PM 2.5 , respectively. Similarly, EC average levels (±standard deviation) were higher at the urban sites of Naples (2.3 ± 1.1 and 1.8 ± 0.5 µg/m 3 ) and Lecce (1.5 ± 0.8 and 1.4 ± 0.7 µg/m 3 ), followed by Lamezia Terme (0.6 ± 0.3 and 0.6 ± 0.3 µg/m 3 ), Capo Granitola (0.3 ± 0.3 and 0.3 ± 0.2 µg/m 3 ), and Monte Curcio (0.06 ± 0.04 and 0.05 ± 0.03 µg/m 3 ) in PM 10 and PM 2.5 , respectively. An opposite trend was observed for the OC/EC ratios ranging from 6.4 to 15.9 in PM 10 and from 6.4 to 15.5 in PM 2.5 with lower values in urban sites compared to remote sites. Different OC-EC correlations, 0.36 < R 2 < 0.90, were found in four observation sites. This behavior suggests the contributions of similar sources and common atmospheric processes in both fractions. No correlations were observed between OC and EC at the site of Naples. The average secondary organic carbon (SOC) concentrations, quantified using the minimum OC/EC ratio method, ranged from 0.4 to 7.6 µg/m 3 in PM 10 and from 0.4 to 7.2 µg/m 3 in PM 2.5 , accounting from 37 to 59% of total OC in PM 10 and from 40 to 57% in PM 2.5 with higher percentages in the urban and suburban sites of Naples and Lecce.

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“…The CGR location is affected by the sea-land breeze regime, with prevailing gentle wind breezes (on average 3 ± 1 m/s) from inland (NW-NE) during the night and prevailing winds from the sea (W-SE) ( Figure 1b) during daytime [36]. The average temperature ranged, through the daily cycle, between 8.8 °C and 26.6 °C, while relative humidity between 24% and 91% during the investigation period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of In Situ Aerosol Optical Properties at Three Observatories in the Central Mediterranean

et al. 2018

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In this work, results of scattering and backscattering coefficients, scattering Ångström exponent (SAE), single scattering albedo (SSA), and asymmetry parameter (g) of atmospheric aerosols are presented. All these parameters were measured during the month of April 2016 in Southern Italy on three different Global Atmosphere Watch observatories in the Central Mediterranean. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that optical aerosol properties were studied at the same time, even if in a brief intensive measurement campaign, at three sites in the South of Italy. In order to obtain a characteristic value for aerosol optical properties, different kinds of particle sources (i.e., dust, marine, and anthropic) have been identified and studied. In the measurement period, one event of a long-range transport of Saharan dust from Northern Africa was observed at all observatories. During the Saharan dust transport event, a minimum value of the SAE (0.69 ± 0.34) and a relatively higher values of SSA were observed. During the dust event, g increased up to 0.69. Marine aerosol contribution and anthropic/urban aerosol intrusion were analysed. From this analysis, SAE average values were 0.70, 0.84, and 1.22, respectively, for dust, marine, and anthropic particles. On the other hand, the SSA minimum value was 0.86 for anthropic particles, and it increased for dust (0.88) and marine (0.93) aerosols. The asymmetry parameter had a limited variability for the three types of aerosol from 0.62 to 0.58, as reported also in literature.

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Investigation of reactive gases and methane variability in the coastal boundary layer of the central Mediterranean basin

Cited by 22 publications

References 52 publications

Air Quality Characterization at Three Industrial Areas in Southern Italy

Air Quality Characterization at Three Industrial Areas in Southern Italy

Inter-Comparison of Carbon Content in PM2.5 and PM10 Collected at Five Measurement Sites in Southern Italy

Characterization of In Situ Aerosol Optical Properties at Three Observatories in the Central Mediterranean

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