Investigating the function of Pre-Pottery Neolithic stone troughs from Göbekli Tepe – An integrated approach

Dietrich, Laura; Götting-Martin, Eva; Hertzog, Jasmine; Schmitt‐Kopplin, Philippe; McGovern, Patrick E.; Hall, Gretchen R.; Petersen, W. Christian; Zarnkow, Martin; Hutzler, Mathias; Jacob, Fritz; Ullman, Christina; Notroff, Jens; Ulbrich, M.; Flöter, Eckhard; Heeb, Julia; Meister, Julia; Dietrich, Oliver

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102618

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The farmers subsisted on a diet dominated by carbohydrates, dairy and brewery 44,[46][47][48][49] . The increased intake of fermented products such as alcohol at the beginning of the Neolithic could have altered the gut microbiome 46,50 as well as the faecal-oral transmission of bacteria from domesticated animals 51 . Such a scenario is supported by studies of contemporary hunter-gatherer populations who often suffer from intestinal microbial dysbiosis and in ammation after adopting agricultural or western lifestyles (reviewed in 51 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The health status of this population was presumably poor due to harsh living conditions and a heavy workload 44,45 . The farmers subsisted on a diet dominated by carbohydrates, dairy and brewery 44,[46][47][48][49] . The increased intake of fermented products such as alcohol at the beginning of the Neolithic could have altered the gut microbiome 46,50 as well as the faecal-oral transmission of bacteria from domesticated animals 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ancient implications for today’s precision medicine: How the first Near East farmers shaped the European genetic risk architecture for IBD

Krause‐Kyora

Torres

Silva

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often described as a model for modern civilization diseases in which environmental factors trigger disease manifestation in genetically compromised individuals. Little is known about the evolutionary history of variants associated with IBD in modern Europeans. Here, we analysed 610 IBD-variants in 2445 ancient datasets from human remains spanning the last 12,000 years, including genotypes generated from 172 newly collected individuals from the European Neolithic. We found statistically significant differences in the frequencies of 97 IBD variants between Neolithic and modern populations that can be explained by the adoption of an agricultural lifestyle and behaviour and concomitant possible microbiome changes in the earliest farmers. Later admixture events and selection against pathogens largely influenced the genetic risk architecture of IBD in contemporary Europeans. A better understanding of the evolutionary history of disease variants is an important first step in translating genetic findings into preventive health care.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient implications for today’s precision medicine: How the first Near East farmers shaped the European genetic risk architecture for IBD

Krause‐Kyora

Torres

Silva

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Humans soon discovered that microcrystalline and vitreous stones fragment conchoidally, producing cutting edges [61] (Figure 3). The Stone Age, or lithic stage, is the first period of prehistory that ranges from the time when human beings began to make tools and vessels with stones, to the discovery and use of pottery and metals [62,63].…”

Section: Prehistorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Forerunners on Heritage Stones Investigation: Historical Synthesis and Evolution

Freire-Lista

2021

Heritage

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Human activity has required, since its origins, stones as raw material for carving, construction and rock art. The study, exploration, use and maintenance of building stones is a global phenomenon that has evolved from the first shelters, manufacture of lithic tools, to the construction of houses, infrastructures and monuments. Druids, philosophers, clergymen, quarrymen, master builders, naturalists, travelers, architects, archaeologists, physicists, chemists, curators, restorers, museologists, engineers and geologists, among other professionals, have worked with stones and they have produced the current knowledge in heritage stones. They are stones that have special significance in human culture. In this way, the connotation of heritage in stones has been acquired over the time. That is, the stones at the time of their historical use were simply stones used for a certain purpose. Therefore, the concept of heritage stone is broad, with cultural, historic, artistic, architectural, and scientific implications. A historical synthesis is presented of the main events that marked the use of stones from prehistory, through ancient history, medieval times, and to the modern period. In addition, the main authors who have written about stones are surveyed from Ancient Roman times to the middle of the twentieth century. Subtle properties of stones have been discovered and exploited by artists and artisans long before rigorous science took notice of them and explained them.

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“…Beer has been known to humanity for millennia. The first evidence of brewing was found in the Neolithic period, and the first industrial-scale breweries were discovered in ancient Egypt [1,2]. Today, it is one of the most popular drinks in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergetic Co-Production of Beer Colouring Agent and Solid Fuel from Brewers’ Spent Grain in the Circular Economy Perspective

Jackowski¹,

Niedźwiecki²,

Mościcki³

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Brewers’ Spent Grain is a by-product of the brewing process, with potential applications for energy purposes. This paper presents the results of an investigation aiming at valorization of this residue by torrefaction, making product for two purposes: a solid fuel that could be used for generation of heat for the brewery and a colouring agent that could replace colouring malt for the production of dark beers. Decreased consumption of malt for such purposes would have a positive influence on the sustainability of brewing. Torrefaction was performed at temperatures ranging between 180 °C and 300 °C, with a residence time between 20 and 60 min. For the most severe torrefaction conditions (300 °C, 60 min), the higher heating value of torrefied BSG reached 25 MJ/kg. However, the best beer colouring properties were achieved for mild torrefaction conditions, i.e., 180 °C for 60 min and 210 °C for 40 min, reaching European Brewery Convention colours of 145 and 159, respectively. From the solid fuel properties perspective, the improvements offered by torrefaction in such mild conditions were modest. Overall, the obtained results suggest some trade-off between the optimum colouring properties and optimum solid fuel properties that need to be considered when such dual-purpose torrefaction of BSG for brewery purposes is implemented.

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Investigating the function of Pre-Pottery Neolithic stone troughs from Göbekli Tepe – An integrated approach

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Ancient implications for today’s precision medicine: How the first Near East farmers shaped the European genetic risk architecture for IBD

Ancient implications for today’s precision medicine: How the first Near East farmers shaped the European genetic risk architecture for IBD

The Forerunners on Heritage Stones Investigation: Historical Synthesis and Evolution

Synergetic Co-Production of Beer Colouring Agent and Solid Fuel from Brewers’ Spent Grain in the Circular Economy Perspective

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