Investigating the Behaviour of Human Thermal Indices under Divergent Atmospheric Conditions: A Sensitivity Analysis Approach

Charalampopoulos, Ioannis; Nouri, A. Santos

doi:10.3390/atmos10100580

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Comparatively to the original PET index, and according to Chen and Matzarakis ( 2017 ), such deviations take place as a result of (i) an integrated multiple-segment thermoregulation model (with a total of 15–25 body model nodes, instead of the original two), and (ii) a clothing model that renders a more accurate analysis of the human bio-heat transfer mechanism. Without discrediting the former EBM index, numerous studies have already documented the augmented capacity of mPET to render more precise thermophysiological estimations based on its enhanced efficiency to identify the human heat transfer dynamics between the inner and outer body (e.g., Charalampopoulos and Nouri 2019 ; Chen et al 2020 ; Lin et al 2018 ; Nouri et al 2017 ; Nouri et al 2018b ; Şensoy et al 2020 ; Wu et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching environmental human thermophysiological thresholds for the case of Ankara, Turkey

Nouri

Afacan

Çalışkan

et al. 2020

Theor Appl Climatol

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The disclosed study undertook a ‘human centred-approach’ that ascertained and categorised environmental human thermophysiological risk factors by relating them to the human biometeorological system through the use of three widely utilised energy balance model (EBM) indices, the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET), the modified PET, and the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). The disclosed assessment was carried out over the past decade (i.e., 2010–2019) with a 3-h temporal resolution for the case of Ankara through two WMO meteorological stations to compare both local urban and peri-urban environmental conditions. The study recognised extreme annual variability of human physiological stress (PS) during the different seasons as a result of the biometeorological processing of the singular variables, which in the case of average PET for both stations, varied by up to 75 °C between the winter and summer for the same annual dataset (2012). In addition, all EBMs indicated higher heat stress within the city centre that were conducive of both urban extreme heatwaves and very hot days during the summer months, with extreme heat stress levels lasting for longer than a week with PET values reaching a maximum of 48 °C. Similar cold extremes were found for the winter months, with PET values reaching − 30 °C, and average PS levels varying lower in the case of the peri-urban station. Graphical abstract

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching environmental human thermophysiological thresholds for the case of Ankara, Turkey

Nouri

Afacan

Çalışkan

et al. 2020

Theor Appl Climatol

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“…GIS-based methodology to evaluate green roofs and green urban areas 9 [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Outdoor thermal comfort: UHI mitigation strategies and thermal comfort indexes 20 [2,4,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Energy savings and Indoor thermal comfort from Green roofs 5 [1,[31][32][33][34] 2.…”

Section: No Of Papers Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various studies have been conducted to investigate UHI, using, for example, satellite images, surveys, building footprints and morphological parameters [13,23]. Renard et al [22] examined UHI by analysing satellite images, and the study showed that heavy renovations are necessary to achieve a decrease in surface temperature and that the results are related to the increase in green urban spaces.…”

Section: Outdoor Thermal Comfort: Uhi Mitigation Strategies and Thermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The urban microclimate is also affected by the shape and orientation of the streets, and the heights and density of the neighbouring buildings [23]. Several studies [15,[24][25][26][27][28][29] have examined the relation between common morphological parameters, that is, the canyon height-to-width (H/W) ratio, the length-to-width (L/H) ratio, the sky view factor (SVF), the building coverage ratio (BCR), the building density and thermal comfort sensations using thermal indexes, such as physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) [20].…”

Section: Outdoor Thermal Comfort: Uhi Mitigation Strategies and Thermmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Green Roofs on Outdoor Thermal Comfort, Urban Heat Island Mitigation and Energy Savings

Mutani

Todeschi

2020

Atmosphere

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There is growing attention to the use of greenery in urban areas, in various forms and functions, as an instrument to reduce the impact of human activities on the urban environment. The aim of this study has been to investigate the use of green roofs as a strategy to reduce the urban heat island effect and to improve the thermal comfort of indoor and outdoor environments. The effects of the built-up environment, the presence of vegetation and green roofs, and the urban morphology of the city of Turin (Italy) have been assessed considering the land surface temperature distribution. This analysis has considered all the information recorded by the local weather stations and satellite images, and compares it with the geometrical and typological characteristics of the city in order to find correlations that confirm that greenery and vegetation improve the livability of an urban context. The results demonstrate that the land-surface temperature, and therefore the air temperature, tend to decrease as the green areas increase. This trend depends on the type of urban context. Based on the results of a green-roofs investigation of Turin, the existing and potential green roofs are respectively almost 300 (257,380 m2) and 15,450 (6,787,929 m2). Based on potential assessment, a strategy of priority was established according to the characteristics of building, to the presence of empty spaces, and to the identification of critical areas, in which the thermal comfort conditions are poor with low vegetation. This approach can be useful to help stakeholders, urban planners, and policy makers to effectively mitigate the urban heat island (UHI), improve the livability of the city, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and gain thermal comfort conditions, and to identify policies and incentives to promote green roofs.

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“…Although met with some resistance due to the already extensive amount and versatility of existing indices, such studies still salient the continual and important scientific desires to further develop additional approaches to human biometeorology. Adjacently, from the large identified sample of indices, many studies have suggested that only between 6 and 4 thermal indices can provide wholesome local human thermo-physiological evaluations [47,69,[73][74][75]. In addition, and as a distinguished example from many related studies (discussed later in this section), the work undertaken by Lin, Tsai, Hwang and Matzarakis [66] presented important outputs pertaining to crucial relationships with microclimatic variables such as Mean Radiant Temperature (MRT) and Sky View Factor (SVF) ratios.…”

Section: Thermo-physiological and Climatic Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Maturing Interdisciplinary Relationship between Human Biometeorological Aspects and Local Adaptation Processes: An Encompassing Overview

Nouri

Matzarakis

2019

Climate

Self Cite

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To date, top-down approaches have played a fundamental role in expanding the comprehension of both existing, and future, climatological patterns. In liaison, the focus attributed to climatic mitigation has shifted towards the identification of how climatic adaptation can specifically prepare for an era prone to further climatological aggravations. Within this review study, the progress and growing opportunities for the interdisciplinary integration of human biometeorological aspects within existing and future local adaptation efforts are assessed. This encompassing assessment of the existing literature likewise scrutinises existing scientific hurdles in approaching existing/future human thermal wellbeing in local urban contexts. The respective hurdles are subsequently framed into new research opportunities concerning human biometeorology and its increasing interdisciplinary significance in multifaceted urban thermal adaptation processes. It is here where the assembly and solidification of ‘scientific bridges’ are acknowledged within the multifaceted ambition to ensuring a responsive, safe and thermally comfortable urban environment. Amongst other aspects, this review study deliberates upon numerous scientific interferences that must be strengthened, inclusively between the: (i) climatic assessments of both top-down and bottom-up approaches to local human thermal wellbeing; (ii) rooted associations between qualitative and quantitative aspects of thermal comfort in both outdoor and indoor environments; and (iii) efficiency and easy-to-understand communication with non-climatic experts that play an equally fundamental role in consolidating effective adaptation responses in an era of climate change.

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Investigating the Behaviour of Human Thermal Indices under Divergent Atmospheric Conditions: A Sensitivity Analysis Approach

Cited by 15 publications

References 95 publications

Approaching environmental human thermophysiological thresholds for the case of Ankara, Turkey

Approaching environmental human thermophysiological thresholds for the case of Ankara, Turkey

The Effects of Green Roofs on Outdoor Thermal Comfort, Urban Heat Island Mitigation and Energy Savings

The Maturing Interdisciplinary Relationship between Human Biometeorological Aspects and Local Adaptation Processes: An Encompassing Overview

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