Invertebrate colonization of granular activated carbon filters

Schreiber, Hermann; Schoenen, D; Traunspurger, Walter

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(96)00312-0

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The GAC biofilters were found to host a variety of organisms belonging to the phylum Arthropoda (copepods), Mollusca (mollusks), and Nematoda (nematodes). These invertebrate taxa have been previously reported in GAC filters, 17,18 and drinking water distribution mains. 7,64 The difference between GAC and anthracite could be impacted by the biofilm formation rate, 7 as biofilm serves the base of the food web.…”

Section: View Article Onlinesupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The nematode Eumonhystera was also detected in a GAC filtrate in a previous study. 18 While 18S rRNA gene amplification was successful in many of the GAC samples, a majority of the OTUs remained unknown as many sequences did not match the applied taxonomy classifier or were not yet assigned to any taxa. 36 Taxonomic assignment using the SILVA database 40 confirmed the presence of predominantly unknown eukaryotic sequences (>33%).…”

Section: View Article Onlinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 Various invertebrates that colonize GAC filters can also be transferred in the filter effluent. 17,18 These observations are important especially in the context of microbial risk. Previous studies observed harboring of possible pathogenic species (e.g., Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Aeromonas, among others) by the GAC media, unintentionally releasing them in the distribution waters through filter fines shed from the biofilters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of upstream chlorination on filter performance and microbial community structure of GAC and anthracite biofilters

Vera

Gerrity

Stoker

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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a Drinking water filters may be operated to promote or deter biological activity through upstream oxidant addition. While there are several water quality benefits from biofiltration, microbial growth in biofilters warrants further investigation. In this study, routine monitoring detected target DNA sequences for Naegleria fowleri in source water and Acanthamoeba spp. in source water and biofilter effluent, triggering further microbial community characterization. Full-scale anthracite and granular activated carbon (GAC) filters receiving chlorinated waters were compared in terms of effluent water quality (i.e., turbidity and particle counts), biological activity (i.e., adenosine triphosphate (ATP)), and the composition of the microbial community (i.e., 16S/18S rRNA gene sequencing, free-living amoeba). Because of rapid chlorine quenching by GAC, greater biomass development was observed in the GAC biofilter (ATP = 5 × 10 3 -5 × 10 4 pg cm −3 media) than the anthracite filter (ATP = 4 × 10 2 -1 × 10 3 pg cm −3 media). Due to possible sloughed biomass, GAC effluent also had consistently greater turbidity, particle counts, and cellular ATP than the anthracite filter. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed distinct taxonomic differences between the anthracite and GAC filters, and GAC also hosted a more diverse population (Shannon index: GAC = 3.7-5.0 and anthracite = 2.4-2.9). At the genus level, the anthracite filter contained mostly Undibacterium-like taxon (45-68%), while the GAC biofilter was dominated by Massilia (8-36%), Herbaspirillum (2-44%), and unknown Comamonadaceae (9-18%), among others. The presence of viable free-living amoebas was also detected in the GAC biofilter media. Further characterization of the eukaryotic 18S rRNA gene showed that anthracite predominantly harbored copepod Leptodiaptomus (67%), while a majority of the sequences in GAC are unknown.

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Section: View Article Onlinesupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: View Article Onlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of upstream chlorination on filter performance and microbial community structure of GAC and anthracite biofilters

Vera

Gerrity

Stoker

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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“…Certains microorganismes présents dans les eaux à potabiliser peuvent entrer, passer au travers et se reproduire à l'intérieur des procédés de traitement (les milieux filtrants : charbon activé et sable) (HAMMES et al, 2008;SCHREIBER, 1997). En plus de facteurs extrinsèques liés à la qualité de l'eau traitée (tels que le pH, la température et la turbidité) qui peuvent influencer l'efficacité des traitements de potabilisation (HUANG et al, 1997), plusieurs facteurs intrinsèques liés aux microorganismes peuvent conduire à la pénétration au travers d'une partie ou de l'ensemble des ces barrières de traitement.…”

Section: La Diversité Des Espèces Microbiennes Dans L'eau Potableunclassified

Le réseau de distribution d’eau potable : un écosystème complexe lié à des enjeux de santé publique

Poitelon

Joyeux

Welté

et al. 2012

rseau

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L’émergence de pathogènes dans l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine représente une préoccupation majeure en matière de santé publique pour les industriels et les pouvoirs publics concernés. Parmi ces pathogènes, certains sont d’origine fécale (Cryptosporidium, Campylobacter ou bien les rotavirus), alors que d’autres vivent dans l’environnent naturel (Legionella, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas ou bien les mycobactéries). Dans l’optique de mettre en place une analyse des risques liés à la présence de ces pathogènes, il est important d’accroître nos connaissances sur l’écologie de ces microorganismes et de développer des outils d’analyse afin de réaliser une meilleure surveillance sanitaire. Par conséquent, l’écologie microbienne du réseau de distribution d’eau potable doit être étudiée en détail, particulièrement vis-à-vis des propriétés physiologiques et la diversité des espèces microbiennes présentes, afin de mieux comprendre les interactions entre les espèces communément rencontrées et celles pathogènes.The emergence of pathogens in water intended for human consumption is a major concern in terms of the public health industry and the public authorities concerned. Among these pathogens, some are of faecal origin (Cryptosporidium, Campylobacter, or rotavirus), while others live in the natural environment (Legionella, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas or mycobacteria). In order to establish a risk analysis related to the presence of these pathogens, it is important to increase our knowledge on the ecology of these microorganisms and to develop analytical tools to achieve better health monitoring. Therefore, the microbial ecology of drinking water distribution networks must be studied in detail, especially with respect to the properties and physiological diversity of the microbial species present, in order to better understand the interactions between species commonly encountered and those that are pathogens

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“…The major problem is that GBAC reactor can not well trap microfauna living or staying inside the reactor due to the mobility of floating GAC, and may give the chance for microfauna to leak from the reactor and go into the drinking water distribution network with treated water from drinking water treatment plant. This may cause health risks, affecting the sensory index of drinking water and protecting pathogenic bacteria from the disinfection [1] . Furthermore, the well-known problem for GBAC reactor is the loss of GAC which is easily washed away with the backwash water due to its small size and mobility during the operation of backwash in the reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel FGBAC reactor for controlling the leakage of microfauna in drinking water treatment

Ding

Shi

Zhou

et al. 2010

J. Shanghai Univ.(Engl. Ed.)

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In order to reduce the microfauna leakage risk from a granular biological activated carbon (GBAC) reactor which employs granular activated carbon (GAC) as adsorption media in drinking water advanced treatment, a novel fiber and granular biological activated carbon (FGBAC) reactor which employs both GAC and activated carbon fiber (ACF) as adsorption media, was developed. The results showed that the species composition of microfauna leaking from FGBAC reactor is almost similar to that leaking from GBAC reactor, however the densities of microfauna leaking from FGBAC reactor is reduced by 26%-81% compared to those leaking from GBAC reactor. In addition, compared to GBAC reactor, FGBAC reactor can increase the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity by 7% and 10%, respectively, during the stable operation period of reactor.

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Invertebrate colonization of granular activated carbon filters

Cited by 52 publications

References 6 publications

Impact of upstream chlorination on filter performance and microbial community structure of GAC and anthracite biofilters

Impact of upstream chlorination on filter performance and microbial community structure of GAC and anthracite biofilters

Le réseau de distribution d’eau potable : un écosystème complexe lié à des enjeux de santé publique

Novel FGBAC reactor for controlling the leakage of microfauna in drinking water treatment

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