Inventário florístico de um remanescente de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual no Sul do Espírito Santo, Brasil: Parque Estadual Cachoeira da Fumaça

Abstract

Resumo Um inventário florístico de espécies de angiospermas provenientes do Parque Estadual Cachoeira da Fumaça (PECF), Espírito Santo, Brasil é apresentado. O PECF está localizado na divisa dos municípios de Alegre e Ibitirama, situado na região do Caparaó, sul do Espírito Santo, protegendo nascentes e remanescentes de um trecho conservado do rio Braço Norte Direito. Objetivou-se com este trabalho ampliar o conhecimento da diversidade de angiospermas de um remanescente de Floresta Atlântica localizado no Sul do Espírito Santo, por meio do levantamento em campo das espécies herbáceas, trepadeiras, arbustivas e arbóreas ocorrentes no PECF. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente durante janeiro de 2010 a janeiro de 2011 e as amostras botânicas foram depositadas no herbário VIES (subcuradoria Alegre). Os resultados estão apresentados em forma de lista com um total de 222 espécies distribuídas em 171 gêneros e 60 famílias, deste total, 30 espécies são endêmicas do Brasil, quatro estão na lista vermelha de espécies ameaçadas, e 13 são citadas como novas ocorrências para o Espírito Santo. Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Piperaceae, Rubiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Poaceae, Melastomataceae e Myrtaceae são as famílias mais ricas em número de espécies. O número de táxons encontrados no PECF reafirma que pequenos remanescentes florestais apresentam elevada diversidade de espécies.

Tree community structure in a reserve area at the Federal Goiano Institute – Rio Verde Campus

“…Among the families with the highest number of individuals are Fabaceae with 366, followed by Malvaceae and Cannabaceae with 35, Piperaceae 29, Anacardiaceae with 27 and Meliaceae with 24 individuals. According to Borges & Azevedo (2017), they described that within their work it was observed that the families with the highest number of species were Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Piperaceae, Rubiaceae, Melastomataceae and Myrtaceae, in addition it was observed that among the families the the only one that is not part of the ten most representative families of the flora of Brazil is the Piperaceae family. Freitas et al 2016), observed that the studied species Piper arboreum Aubl.…”

Small forest fragments and their importance for conservation of tree communities in Atlantic Semideciduous Forest

“…Our fragments did not show evidence of severe disturbance, such as selective logging or the passage of fire, although cattle had apparently grazed some areas. However, they presented invasions by exotic species, such as the abundant Coffea arabica (coffee) in the understory stratum (Nunes et al 2003, Borges & Azevedo 2017. The coffee is a biological problem also observed in other semideciduous Atlantic Forest sites (Durigan et al 2000, Martins & Rodrigues 2002, Borges & Azevedo 2017, raising concern how this species interferes with the natural succession processes (Raymundo et al 2018), and may suggest that probably there were coffee plantations in nearby areas or in the same area in the past.…”

Dalechampia seccoi (Euphorbiaceae), a threatened new species from Southeastern Brazil

“…4). According to Borges and Azevedo (2017) the PECF is compose by several phytophysiognomies, such as rocky vegetation, herbaceous swamp, fragments in the initial, medium and advanced stage of regeneration, exotic vegetation and agriculture areas. In addition, the presence of several exotic species, with high invasive potential, present threats to the conservation of native species of the PECF vegetation that has environments in regeneration.…”