Invasive Species

Tokuda, Makoto; Uechi, Nami

doi:10.1007/978-981-33-6534-6_12

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Following the globalization and associated increase in international trades, invasion risks of alien species by anthropogenic means have increased in recent decades (Kiritani 1998;Hurley et al 2016;Tokuda et al 2018;Tokuda & Uechi 2021). Schizomyia castanopsisae populations on the Izu Islands might have immigrated from Okinawa areas by some anthropogenic means around 2000 and rapidly became a high density because of the absence of parasitoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hundreds of billions of silent outbreaks: A historic outbreak record of the gall midge Schizomyia castanopsisae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on the Izu Islands, Tokyo, Japan, and its potential mechanism

Tokuda

Kawauchi

Matsuda

et al. 2022

Entomological Science

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Herbivore outbreaks cause serious damage to forest trees. In recent decades, outbreaks of the gall midge Schizomyia castanopsisae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inducing inflorescence galls on Castanopsis sieboldii (Fagaceae) occurred in the Izu Islands, Tokyo, Japan. We investigated the gall density on the islands and estimated the larval population on Miyakejima Island. We also surveyed seasonal changes in larval age structure, presence of natural enemies, larval cold tolerance, and thermal effects on the adult emergence. In addition, we conducted molecular phylogenetic analyses of S. castanopsisae populations among different localities. The gall density was particularly high in southern parts (from Miyakejima to Aogashima) of the Izu Islands. The gall midge seemed to have been expanding its range toward northern parts in recent years. On Miyakejima, the larval population was estimated to be approximately 158 and 36 bn in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Parasitoids were not found in the dissection of galls. A cold temperature treatment did not affect the percentage of adult emergence. Developmental zero and thermal constant during the period from larval departure to adult emergence were estimated to be 4.7 C and 588.2 C-days in males and 7.4 C and 476.2 C-days in females, and the adults were predicted to emerge in April. Populations in Kyushu were genetically distinct from those in Okinawajima and the Izu Islands, but a common haplotype was found between the latter two localities. These imply that S. castanopsisae on the Izu Islands may be a recent invasion, and the absence of natural enemies causes its outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2016; Tokuda et al . 2018; Tokuda & Uechi 2021). Schizomyia castanopsisae populations on the Izu Islands might have immigrated from Okinawa areas by some anthropogenic means around 2000 and rapidly became a high density because of the absence of parasitoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%