Inuit food security in canada: arctic marine ethnoecology

Watts, Peter; Koutouki, Konstantia; Booth, Shawn; Blum, Susan

doi:10.1007/s12571-017-0668-0

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Half of the articles in our review ( n = 42) referred to gender, but upon closer examination, most in fact were found to only be referring to collecting (Amparo et al., 2017; Limuwa et al., 2018; Zheng et al., 2018) or reporting (Brewer et al., 2017; Savo et al., 2017) sex‐disaggregated data, without interpreting the influence of gender (or agency) on food systems processes and outcomes. Similarly, seven articles engaged with women (but not gender), in the form of analysis of consumption of fish by women, or both women and men, particularly its importance for nutrition, pregnancy and child development (Love et al., 2017; Marushka et al., 2019; Smith et al., 2019; Watts et al., 2017), women's perceptions of food (Sato et al., 2019; Traoré et al., 2018), or specific food‐related issues like meal interventions in schools (Bersamin et al., 2019). We found no articles that examined gender norms and relations, or women's control over income or care burdens—both of which directly shape food access, and/or consumption and nutritional outcomes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nudging fisheries and aquaculture research towards food systems

et al. 2021

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Food system is a powerful concept for understanding and responding to nutrition and sustainability challenges. Food systems integrate social, economic, environmental and health aspects of food production through to consumption. Aquatic foods are an essential part of food systems providing an accessible source of nutrition for millions of people. Yet, it is unclear to what degree research across diverse disciplines concerning aquatic foods has engaged food systems, and the value this concept has added. We conducted a systematic review of fisheries, aquaculture and aquatic food literature (2017-2019) to determine the following: the characteristics of this research; the food systems components and interrelations with which research engaged; and the insights generated on nutrition, justice, sustainability and climate change. Sixty five of the 88 reviewed articles focussed on production and supply chains, with 23 considering human nutrition. Only 13% of studies examined low-and middle-income countries that are most vulnerable to undernutrition. One third of articles looked beyond finfish to other aquatic foods, which illuminated values of local knowledge systems and diverse foods for nutrition. When aggregated, reviewed articles examined the full range of food system drivers-biophysical and environmental (34%), demographic (24%) and socio-cultural (27%)-but rarely examined interactions between drivers. Future research that examines a diversity of species in diets, system-wide flows of nutrients, trade-offs amongst objectives, and the nutritional needs of vulnerable social groups would be nudging closer to the ambitions of the food systems concept, which is necessary to address the global challenges of equity, nutrition and sustainability. | 35 SIMMANCE Et Al. 42 4.2.1 Relationships between food systems components researched 44 4.3. Emerging challenges for food systems 45 4.4. Nudging towards the concept of food systems 46 4.4.1 Consider a broader set of aquatic food types amidst diverse diets 47 4.4.2 Examine system-wide flows of nutrients and tradeoffs amongst objectives 47 4.4.3 Focus on vulnerable and marginalized social groups 47 5. CONCLUSION 48

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nudging fisheries and aquaculture research towards food systems

et al. 2021

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“…Some communities may have significant access to caribou as a protein source, while others may not. The need for an educational approach to community-based food security 5,8 is extreme in the Canadian Arctic due to the isolation of the communities and a lack of affordable transportation for protein from southern Canada sources. In the Philippines there is a tendency to take the marine sources of protein somewhat for granted as there is no systematic approach to meet manage coastal resources nor goals for maternal protein intake requirements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimating the protein content of salmon at approximately 20% by weight it is possible to determine the per capita marine protein availability from fish harvest (Figure 1) and convert that to daily consumption for a 50kg maternal person. In addition to this is the consumption of caribou as mentioned above, as well as marine mammals5 .However marine mammal harvest is thought to primarily involve fats with an unknown and likely limited contribution to protein requirements. The price of protein imported form Southern Canada is generally considered to be beyond the reach of many Inuit people and is not considered in the current work.…”

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confidence: 99%

Maternal Indigenous and Artisanal Coastal Nutrition, the SDG Imperative: A Suggested Renaissance of Ethics for Research and Tertiary Education in the Anthropocene Era

Watts¹

2019

IJN

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Maternal nutrition is at the core of any principle-centered projection of Sustainable Development Goals.Without the developmental health of newborns -there is no quality future. Specifically, there are situations all around the globe where Indigenous and Artisanal coastal people suffer from maternal malnutrition inadvertently limiting future potentials in many locations that will be most challenged by climate change. Results from research with Artisanal Fisherfolk in the Philippines and analysis of harvest by the Canadian Inuit people are discussed in terms of the ethics of setting national as well as global education and research priorities.

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“…Little is known about the habitat use of juvenile anadromous Arctic char owing to complex logistic associated with sampling in northern rivers, to the challenges associated with fry observation (Godiksen et al 2012) and to their cryptic behavior (Heggenes and Saltveit 2007). As anadromous Arctic char are culturally important and a key resource to achieve food security for the Inuit of Canada (Watts et al 2017;Dewailly et al 2002), it is relevant to understand how juveniles might be vulnerable to climate change in their rearing habitats, specifically in streams prone to summer warming and/or low flows. The first step to assess this vulnerability is to understand the habitat use and preferences of juvenile Arctic char.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer stream habitat preferences of Nunavik anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) fry and parr

Dubos

St‐Hilaire

Bergeron

2022

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

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Arctic char is a fish species known to occupy diverse habitats within the Arctic region. However, summer habitat use during the juvenile stage of the anadromous form is largely unknown. The present study aims to characterize fry and parr summer habitat preferences. Surveys were conducted by electrofishing, associated with physical habitat characterization on several rivers of the Ungava Bay, Nunavik, Canada. At the microhabitat and station scales, fry showed significant habitat preferences for shallow water and slow velocity. At the mesohabitat scale, fry showed a significant habitat selectivity for riffles. This habitat selectivity implies that habitat models can be built to evaluate the potential of habitat suitability for Arctic char fry. However, no significant habitat selectivity was found for parr. Parr size was nonetheless positively correlated with velocity, which was found to be a limitative factor for juvenile habitat use. This first attempt at modeling juvenile anadromous Arctic char habitat in rivers emphasizes the importance of selecting an appropriate spatial scale and reiterates the fact that parr showed relatively high plasticity in stream habitat selection.

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Inuit food security in canada: arctic marine ethnoecology

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

Nudging fisheries and aquaculture research towards food systems

Nudging fisheries and aquaculture research towards food systems

Maternal Indigenous and Artisanal Coastal Nutrition, the SDG Imperative: A Suggested Renaissance of Ethics for Research and Tertiary Education in the Anthropocene Era

Summer stream habitat preferences of Nunavik anadromous Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) fry and parr

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