Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Fixation of Tissues

Eltoum, Isam A.; Fredenburgh, Jerry; Myers, Richard S.; Grizzle, William E.

doi:10.1179/014788801794812426

Cited by 75 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

107

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It is known that formaldehyde immediately produces reactive hydroxymethyl groups on amino acids that cross-link proteins and large molecules that are necessary for immunohistochemistry analysis. [32][33][34] Moreover, proteolysis often causes nonspecific binding to unrelated molecules. 35 These factors are most likely the reason behind decreased estrogen and progesterone receptor expression with tumor ischemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay to formalin fixation effect on breast biomarkers

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Delay to formalin fixation may invalidate hormone receptors and HER2 analyses. Invalid results of tumor markers could significantly alter the type of adjuvant therapy a patient receives and potentially impact outcome. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of progressive delay to formalin fixation on breast cancer biomarkers. Ten palpable invasive breast cancers were resected and underwent immediate gross evaluation. For each case, the procured tumor was divided into eight parts and consecutively fixed after 0, 10, 30 min, 1, 2, 4, and 8 h; one section was kept in saline and stored overnight at 41C. Two tissue microarray blocks were constructed. Estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2 immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization were carried out. Statistical analyses including non-parametric sign test, exact McNemar's test and Page's L test were used. All 10 cases were invasive ductal carcinomas. Q score X6 was identified in five cases for estrogen receptor and four for progesterone receptor. Mean Q score started to decline at the 2 h mark for estrogen receptor and 1 h mark for progesterone receptor. Lowest score was at 8 h mark for estrogen receptor and overnight for progesterone receptor. HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridization started to be compromised for interpretation at the 1 h mark and became statistically significant at the 2 h mark (Po0.03). To avoid delay to formalin fixation as a factor negatively affecting on breast biomarkers, we recommend not to delay formalin fixation for more than 1 h and not to store specimens overnight.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delay to formalin fixation effect on breast biomarkers

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mechanism of tissue fixation is not well understood, but it is stated that coagulating fixatives lead to dehydration, which decomposes the protein structure by removing free water from the tissue. This situation results in denaturation and a loss of function (21). In our study, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol were used before frozen-section.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Freezing on the Immunoprofile of Breast Carcinoma Cells

Argon¹,

Şener²,

Zekioğlu³

et al. 2015

Balkan Med J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…10% neutral buffered formalin (an inexpensive, readily available and versatile fixative), is recommended for immediate fixation of samples [54]. Alcohol-based fixatives should be avoided where possible as they can change the antigenicity of tissue samples thereby influencing IHC results [55]. Optimal fixation time is 6-48 h. In some cases, samples may be sent from distant hospitals, resulting in longer fixation periods.…”

Section: Processing and Storage Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Predictive Molecular Analysis of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the Africa-Middle East Region: Challenges and Strategies for Improvement

Slavík

Asselah

Fakhruddin

et al. 2014

Clinical Lung Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Identification of tumour biomarkers provides information on prognosis and guides the implementation of appropriate treatment in patients with many different types of cancer. In nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), targeted treatment plans based on biomarker identification are already being utilised in the clinic. However, such predictive molecular testing is not currently a universally employed practice. This is particularly the case in developing countries where lung cancer is increasingly prevalent. In September 2012 and November 2013, a committee of 16 lung cancer experts from Africa and the Middle East met to discuss key issues related to diagnosis and biomarker testing in NSCLC and the implementation of personalised medicine in the region. The committee identified current challenges for effective diagnosis and predictive analysis in Africa and the Middle East. Moreover, strategies to encourage the implementation of biomarker testing were discussed.Ultimately, a practical approach for the effective diagnosis and predictive molecular testing of NSCLC in these regions was derived. Key issues and recommendations arising from the meetings are presented here.Abstract word count: 167 (journal limit: 250)

show abstract

Introduction to the Theory and Practice of Fixation of Tissues

Cited by 75 publications

References 0 publications

Delay to formalin fixation effect on breast biomarkers

Delay to formalin fixation effect on breast biomarkers

The Effect of Freezing on the Immunoprofile of Breast Carcinoma Cells

Diagnosis and Predictive Molecular Analysis of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the Africa-Middle East Region: Challenges and Strategies for Improvement

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About