2004
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.86.1.96
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Introduction to the Special Section on Cognitive Abilities: 100 Years After Spearman's (1904) "'General Intelligence,' Objectively Determined and Measured".

Abstract: The study of individual differences in cognitive abilities is one of the few branches of psychological science to amass a coherent body of empirical knowledge withstanding the test of time. There is wide consensus that cognitive abilities are organized hierarchically, and C. Spearman's (1904) general intelligence occupies the vertex of this hierarchy. In addition, specific abilities beyond general intelligence refine longitudinal forecasts of important social phenomena and paint a rich portrait of this importa… Show more

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Cited by 319 publications
(265 citation statements)
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References 109 publications
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“…E. Snow et al, 1996;Tyler, 1974;Williamson, 1965). Although the latter clearly influence the educational-vocational niches that people self-select into (approach), the niches that people select out of (avoid) are influenced by the former (Gottfredson, 2003;Lubinski, 2004;Scarr, 1996;Scarr & McCartney, 1983). When overall profile similarity was evaluated, by sex, using math-science graduate students as a criterion reference, female adolescents with high spatial ability were more congruent with their same-sex graduate student counterparts than were female adolescents with relatively low levels of spatial ability, which solidify the above conclusions for females.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…E. Snow et al, 1996;Tyler, 1974;Williamson, 1965). Although the latter clearly influence the educational-vocational niches that people self-select into (approach), the niches that people select out of (avoid) are influenced by the former (Gottfredson, 2003;Lubinski, 2004;Scarr, 1996;Scarr & McCartney, 1983). When overall profile similarity was evaluated, by sex, using math-science graduate students as a criterion reference, female adolescents with high spatial ability were more congruent with their same-sex graduate student counterparts than were female adolescents with relatively low levels of spatial ability, which solidify the above conclusions for females.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Assim, muitos estudos sugerem que as mulheres têm, em média, melhor desempenho em tarefas que requerem rápido acesso e uso de informação semântica e fonológica, velocidade perceptual e memória verbal. Os homens, ao contrário, obtêm melhor desempenho em tarefas que exigem raciocínio matemático e científico, orientação espacial e transformações viso-espaciais na memória de trabalho (Codorniu-Roga & Vigil-Colet, 2003;Halpern, 1997;Lubinsk, 2004;Lynn, Raine, Venables, Mednick, & Irwing, 2005).Não obstante, o mesmo consenso não pode ser encontrado quando se muda o foco para as habilidades cognitivas gerais. Lubinsk (2004) define a inteligência geral, ou capacidade cognitiva geral, como uma capacidade mental que envolve, entre outras coisas, a habilidade de raciocinar, planejar, resolver problemas, pensar abstratamente, aprender com a experiência, sendo, portanto, um construto…”
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“…Assim, muitos estudos sugerem que as mulheres têm, em média, melhor desempenho em tarefas que requerem rápido acesso e uso de informação semântica e fonológica, velocidade perceptual e memória verbal. Os homens, ao contrário, obtêm melhor desempenho em tarefas que exigem raciocínio matemático e científico, orientação espacial e transformações viso-espaciais na memória de trabalho (Codorniu-Roga & Vigil-Colet, 2003;Halpern, 1997;Lubinsk, 2004;Lynn, Raine, Venables, Mednick, & Irwing, 2005).…”
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“…It is consequently not surprising that GCA continues to be highly correlated with various indicators of educational attainment. 3 Yet the predictive utility of GCA is not limited to academic achievement; it is also correlated with work performance, navigating the complexities of everyday life, the absence of various social pathologies (such as criminal convictions), and even health and mortality. 4 Although the causal basis for these associations is not always known, it is nonetheless the case that research on GCA has the potential to provide insights into the origins of a wide range of important social outcomes.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%