Introduction of extensive cage culture systems for breeding of catfish (clarius gariepinus) and common carp (cyprin carpionus) at the aquaculture technology demonstration centre, Xhariep District: an agricultural extension perspective

Abstract

The Aquaculture Technology Demonstration Centre is aided by the Chinese government to enhance the development of aquaculture in South Africa, and thus provide agricultural extension services to farmers and fisheries. The approval of activities and site selection was endorsed by Chinese and South African representatives. The project is based at the Gariep dam in the Xhariep District. The centre primarily focuses on training, demonstration, and research. It is currently being operated by the Free State Department of Agriculture with support from the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. At present, research is being conducted on the culturing of the following fish species, catfish, carp, goldfish, and koi. Tilapia will be introduced in the near future. The purpose of the research is to improve the livelihoods of poor communities, to commercialise small-scale farmers, and to exhilarate economic growth. In addition, the centre aims to support and encourage the use of affordable and natural resources, and to address several challenges including a lack of land, skill, sufficient production, as well as market and quality inputs. Therefore, the practice of fish breeding at the centre aims to deliver extension and advisory services to South African farmers and fisheries. Furthermore, the centre will aim to assist with the production of quality fish stock, to remedy breeding difficulties, and to address fish production shortfalls.

Technologies of carp growing and their features

“…There is no or weak competition between them for feeding on natural fodder bases. In these conditions, particular importance is attached to the choice of the optimal ratio of objects of fish multi-culture, taking into account their trophic levels and the directional formation of the natural forage base of ponds (Van Niekerk & Moloi, 2018).…”

“…The experience of the countries of the near and far abroad shows that the pasture technology of fish farming and especially its modifications, taking into account local soil and climatic conditions, allow, without the use of concentrated feed, to achieve fish productivity from a unit area sufficient for the recognition of production as highly profitable (Van Niekerk, 2018). So, in South America, Asia, Africa, due to the use of polyculture of fish from local aboriginal species and introduced species -herbivorous fish, without fertilizers, it is possible to achieve fish productivity up to 300 kg/ha (Loboiko, 2020).…”