Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Extremely Small Premature Infants

Interleukin-6 Receptor Is Highly Expressed in the Ganglionic Eminence of the Human Fetal Brain

“…The expression of IL-6R is especially pronounced till around the 28th gestational week (group 1). From clinical studies it is known that very young premature infants display a higher incidence of ICH which is more severe [14]. Thus, the anatomical data concerning the IL-6R expression presented here are well in accordance with the clinical data.…”

Severity of perinatal cerebral injury and developmental outcome: A dose-response relationship.

“…The differences in birth weight and gestational age between the two groups were also significant: children who had incurred severe bleeds had lower birth weight and gestational age. These results are consistent with previous studies in which extent of dysmaturity was found to be a determinant of the neonate's predisposition to a severe form of ICH (e.g., Perlman & Volpe, 1986).…”

Combining Phenobarbital and Indomethacin to Improve Early Neonatal Outcomes in the Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant

“…IVH is often present by the first hour of life 40 and, in 14 to 27% of cases, may occur in the period prior to birth and into the first hours of life, 4,9,16 well before the usual timing for neonatal IVH prophylaxis, and with greater frequency and severity in the micropremie ELBW infant. 41 The findings of this study would suggest that timely and judicious use of antenatal corticosteroids, and possibly cesarean delivery, for the ELBW infant may be significant means for reducing SIVH rates and for improving early neonatal survival. There is no evidence that the neonatal IVH prophylaxis with a combination of indomethacin and phenobarbital improves neonatal outcomes in the ELBW infant.…”