Intratubal Insemination with Fresh Semen in Dogs

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The number of spermatozoa required to obtain conception by intratubal insemination in dogs was examined. Three groups consisting of 5, 8 and 8 dogs received 0.5 × 10 6 , 2.0 × 10 6 and 4.0 × 10 6 spermatozoa, respectively, into each uterine tube. No conception occurred in the 5 animals inseminated with 0.5 × 10 6 spermatozoa, but conception occurred in 6/8 (75.0%) and 3/8 (37.5%) dogs inseminated with 2.0 × 10 6 and 4.0 × 10 6 spermatozoa, respectively. Among the pregnant animals, three aborted (33.3%) and the mean number of newborns was small, 2.5 ± 0.5 (SE). One acardiacus anceps was observed with normal fetus in one animal with a Caesarean delivery. KEY WORDS: acardiacus anceps, canine, intratubal insemination.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 65(5): 659-661, 2003 Although it has been reported that the number of spermatozoa required to obtain conception by intrauterine horn insemination is 1/10 of that required by intravaginal insemination in dogs [8,10,12,13], 1.0 × 10 7 spermatozoa are required for insemination into one uterine horn in dogs [9]. It is generally considered that only a small number of spermatozoa inseminated into the uterus reaches the uterine tubes and fertilizes the ova. Most spermatozoa inseminated into the vagina and uterus are not involved in fertilization. Therefore, the number of spermatozoa to be infused may be reduced by inseminating spermatoza at a site close to the fertilization site. It has been reported that conception could be obtained by intratubal insemination with 1.0 × 10 5 spermatozoa in rabbits [4] and 2.5 × 10 5 spermatoza in rats [6]. However, we previously reported that the conception rate was 42.9%, when 4.0 × 10 7 spermatoza were inseminated in cats [11]. Therefore, the number of spermatozoa required for intratubal insemination varies among animal species and this may be due to variation in conditions for capacitation of spermatoza among the species.Canine intrauterine insemination requires surgical techniques. For insemination performed by laparotomy, a method of insemination into the oviduct close to the fertilization site is considered. To efficiently use spermatozoa, we investigated whether conception can be obtained by intratubal insemination with fresh semen in dogs and examined the number of spermatozoa needed for intratubal insemination Animals: Nineteen female beagles aged 2-6 years used in the experiment. Since two dogs (Bitch Nos. 315 and 330) were used twice, the number of cases was 21. Semen was collected at appropriate times from 6 male beagles aged 5-10 years with proven fertilizing ability. Animals for the experiment were kept one per cage measuring 160 × 75 × 65 cm. Animals were given commercial dog food in the morning and water in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Food for pregnant dogs was given twice a day (morning and evening) from 35 days of gestation.Collection of semen and test of semen quality: Semen was manually collected in three fractions immediately before artificial insemination. The semen quality in the second fraction containing spermat...

Artificial Insemination of Frozen Epididymal Sperm in Beagle Dogs

“…A median section was made under general anesthesia during the optimal mating period and the infundibulopelvic ligament was immobilized with a clamp for ovary fixation. Semen was inseminated at about 2 cm deep from the abdominal ostium of the uterine tube with a glass capillary [15]. Semen was inseminated in bilateral uterine tubes.…”

Laparoscopic Oviductal Artificial Insemination Improves Pregnancy Success in Exogenous Gonadotropin-Treated Domestic Cats as a Model for Endangered Felids1

“…Typically, vaginal AI requires 50-80 3 10 6 spermatozoa for consistent conception [10,27], compared to 7-8 3 10 6 spermatozoa to obtain similar fertility with intrauterine AI [6,28]. Oviductal AI has been conducted previously in domestic cats using laparotomy to gain access to the abdominal ostium of the oviduct [14]. In that study, naturally estrual queens treated with hCG at the time of insemination produced pregnancy percentages of 25% (two of eight) and 43% (three of seven) following bilateral oviductal AI with 2 3 10 6 and 4 3 10 6 spermatozoa, respectively [14].…”

“…Sperm numbers and quality in ejaculates obtained from nondomestic cats frequently are poor, limiting the number of motile, morphologically normal spermatozoa available for AI [12,13]. A laparoscopic oviductal (LO) AI approach could potentially improve pregnancy outcomes by allowing deposition of semen in closer proximity to the site of fertilization while using reduced numbers of motile spermatozoa for successful insemination [14,15]. For example, small-sized cat species such as the black-footed cat (Felis nigripes), which average less than 30 million total sperm cells per ejaculate with fewer than 50% of spermatozoa classified as morphologically normal, could greatly benefit from this novel LO AI approach (for review, see [13]).…”

Microenvironnement tubaire: rôle dans la maturation des ovocytes canins in vivo et in vitro

“…Cathétériser directement l'oviducte en ponctionnant sa paroi semble l'approche la plus facilement réalisable et la moins traumatisante. Cette technique a été utilisée, chez la chienne, non seulement pour la mise en place d'ovocytes fécondés in vitro (England et al 2001), mais surtout pour la réalisation d'inséminations avec de très faibles quantités de spermatozoïdes (Tsutsui et al 2003). Une seule étude rapporte l'utilisation de cette technique pour la maturation nucléaire d'ovocytes canins immatures, le taux de reprise de la méiose ayant été de 5,9 % au bout de quatre jours (Lee et al 2005).…”