Intraspeaker variability in vowel production: An investigation of motherese, hyperspeech, and Lombard speech in Jamaican speakers

Wassink, Alicia Beckford; Wright, Richard; Franklin, Amber

doi:10.1016/j.wocn.2006.07.002

Cited by 41 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These vowels were more “diphthongal” in females compared to males, perhaps reflecting a somewhat more exaggerated articulation in female speech. The gender-related differences may result from self-monitoring or perhaps from differences in the perception of task demands as suggested elsewhere (e.g., Beckford Wassink, Wright & Franklin, 2007; Bell, 2001). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Cross-generational vowel change in American English

2011

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This study examines cross-generational changes in the vowel systems in central Ohio, southeastern Wisconsin and western North Carolina. Speech samples from 239 speakers, males and females, were divided into three age groups: grandparents (66–91 years old), parents (35–51) and children (8–12). Acoustic analysis of vowel dynamics (i.e., formant movement) was undertaken to explore variation in the amount of spectral change for each vowel. A robust set of cross-generational changes in /ɪ, ε, æ, ɑ/ was found within each dialect-specific vowel system, involving both their positions and dynamics. With each successive generation, /ɪ, ε, æ/ become increasingly monophthongized and /ɑ/ is diphthongized in children. These changes correspond to a general anticlockwise parallel rotation of vowels (with some exceptions in /ɪ/ and /ε/). Given the widespread occurrence of these parallel chain-like changes, we term this development the “North American Shift” which conforms to the general principles of chain shifting formulated by Labov (1994) and others.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Cross-generational vowel change in American English

2011

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“…Fernald and Simon (1984) found that IDS is characterized by an increased mean F 0 . Beckford Wassink, Wright, and Franklin (2007) found that IDS is louder. Finally, Papoušek, Papoušek, and Haekel (1987) found that IDS is characterized by a slower speech rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic differences between humorous and sincere communicative intentions

Hoicka

Gattis

2011

British J of Dev Psycho

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Previous studies indicate that the acoustic features of speech discriminate between positive and negative communicative intentions, such as approval and prohibition. Two studies investigated whether acoustic features of speech can discriminate between two positive communicative intentions: humour and sweet-sincerity, where sweet-sincerity involved being sincere in a positive, warm-hearted way. In Study 1, 22 mothers read a book containing humorous, sweet-sincere, and neutral-sincere images to their 19- to 24-month-olds. In Study 2, 41 mothers read a book containing humorous or sweet-sincere sentences and images to their 18- to 24-month-olds. Mothers used a higher mean F0 to communicate visual humour as compared to visual sincerity. Mothers used greater F0 mean, range, and standard deviation; greater intensity mean, range, and standard deviation; and a slower speech rate to communicate verbal humour as compared to verbal sweet-sincerity. Mothers used a rising linear contour to communicate verbal humour, but used no specific contour to express verbal sweet-sincerity. We conclude that speakers provide acoustic cues enabling listeners to distinguish between positive communicative intentions.

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“…Moreover, many studies have shown that when talkers are asked to speak loudly they exaggerate their articulatory movements (Dromey & Ramig, 1998; Schulman, 1989; Tasko & McClean, 2004). Although speech loudness changes during IDS have rarely been investigated, a recent study of Jamaican talkers observed no significant speech-intensity differences between IDS and a citation speaking task (Beckford Wassink, Wright, & Franklin, 2007). One perceptual study of synthesized IDS observed that infants are less interested in amplitude modulations than F 0 modulations (Fernald & Kuhl, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lip Movement Exaggerations During Infant-Directed Speech

Green

Nip

Wilson

et al. 2010

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Purpose Although a growing body of literature has indentified the positive effects of visual speech on speech and language learning, oral movements of infant-directed speech (IDS) have rarely been studied. This investigation used 3-dimensional motion capture technology to describe how mothers modify their lip movements when talking to their infants. Method Lip movements were recorded from 25 mothers as they spoke to their infants and other adults. Lip shapes were analyzed for differences across speaking conditions. The maximum fundamental frequency, duration, acoustic intensity, and first and second formant frequency of each vowel also were measured. Results Lip movements were significantly larger during IDS than during adult-directed speech, although the exaggerations were vowel specific. All of the vowels produced during IDS were characterized by an elevated vocal pitch and a slowed speaking rate when compared with vowels produced during adult-directed speech. Conclusion The pattern of lip-shape exaggerations did not provide support for the hypothesis that mothers produce exemplar visual models of vowels during IDS. Future work is required to determine whether the observed increases in vertical lip aperture engender visual and acoustic enhancements that facilitate the early learning of speech.

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Intraspeaker variability in vowel production: An investigation of motherese, hyperspeech, and Lombard speech in Jamaican speakers

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Cross-generational vowel change in American English

Cross-generational vowel change in American English

Acoustic differences between humorous and sincere communicative intentions

Lip Movement Exaggerations During Infant-Directed Speech

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